Skanda Purana — Avanti Khanda, Shloka 10

Devanagari script

उपनीतोऽसि कालेन सङ्ग्रामे मम केशव । ये त्वया निर्जिताः पूर्वं दानवा अप्यनेकशः

Transliteration

upanīto'si kālena saṅgrāme mama keśava | ye tvayā nirjitāḥ pūrvaṃ dānavā apyanekaśaḥ

Translation

«Ô Keśava, le Temps lui-même t’a conduit à mon combat, toi qui jadis vainquis tant de troupes de Dānava-s».

Word by Word

• उपनीतः: brought, led
• उपनीतः: Karta (Subject complement/कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-नी (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि-क्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• असि: you are
• असि: Kriya (Copula/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), मध्यम-पुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद

• कालेन: by time
• कालेन: Karana (Instrument/Agent-instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental), एकवचन (Singular)

• सङ्ग्रामे: in battle
• सङ्ग्रामे: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सङ्ग्राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative), एकवचन (Singular)

• मम: my
• मम: Sambandha (Possessor/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), एकवचन (Singular)

• केशव: O Keśava
• केशव: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: केशव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन (Singular)

• ये: who, those who
• ये: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural)

• त्वया: by you
• त्वया: Karana (Agent-instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental), एकवचन (Singular)

• निर्जिताः: conquered
• निर्जिताः: Karta (Predicate/कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: निर्-जि (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि-क्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural)

• पूर्वम्: formerly
• पूर्वम्: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पूर्वम् (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (formerly, earlier)

• दानवाः: Dānavas (demons)
• दानवाः: Karta (Apposition/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दानव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural)

• अपि: even, also
• अपि: Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (also/even)

• अनेकशः: many times, repeatedly
• अनेकशः: Sambandha (Manner/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अनेकशस् (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकार/परिमाणवाचक-अव्यय (in many ways; many times)

Speaker

Andhaka

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Revā (Narmadā)

Type: river

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Keśava (Kṛṣṇa/Vāsudeva)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Andhaka addresses Keśava as a famed conqueror of dānava hosts, declaring that Time itself has delivered him to battle; a subtle wheel/clock-like halo of Kāla appears behind the scene.

Characters & Entities

• Andhaka
• Keśava
• Kāla
• Dānava-s

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Even adversaries acknowledge the Lord’s past victories; Kāla (Time) operates under cosmic order, drawing beings to their destined consequences.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

No specific tīrtha is named in this verse; it remains within the Revā (Narmadā) region’s narrative framework.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

None.