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Skanda Purana — Avanti Khanda, Shloka 13

न दिवा न भवेद्रात्रिः षण्मासा दक्षिणायनम् । अयनं चोत्तरं चापि भास्करेण विना नृप

na divā na bhavedrātriḥ ṣaṇmāsā dakṣiṇāyanam | ayanaṃ cottaraṃ cāpi bhāskareṇa vinā nṛpa

Ô Roi, sans Bhāskara il n’y aurait ni jour ni nuit, ni la marche de six mois du dakṣiṇāyana ; pas même l’uttarāyana n’existerait.

not
:
Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negation particle)
दिवाday
दिवा:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootदिव्/दिवा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; ‘daytime’ (क्वचित् अव्ययवत् प्रयोगः)
not
:
Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय
भवेत्would be; would occur
भवेत्:
Kriyā (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
रात्रिःnight
रात्रिः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootरात्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
षण्मासाःsix months
षण्मासाः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootषण् + मास (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; द्विगु-समासः (six-months)
दक्षिणायनम्the southern course (of the sun)
दक्षिणायनम्:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootदक्षिण + अयन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष-प्रयोगः: दक्षिणं अयनम्
अयनम्course; solstice path
अयनम्:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअयन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
and
:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)
उत्तरम्northern
उत्तरम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifier of अयनम्)
and
:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय
अपिalso
अपि:
Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय/अपि-कारार्थक-अव्यय (also/even)
भास्करेणby the Sun
भास्करेण:
Karaṇa (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootभास्कर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन
विनाwithout
विना:
Apādāna (Ablative sense/अपादान)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविना (अव्यय)
Formअपादानार्थक-अव्यय/उपपद (without; governs accusative)
नृपO king
नृप:
Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootनृप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative/सम्बोधन), एकवचन

Deductive: Purāṇic narrator (likely Sūta/Lomaharṣaṇa) within Revā Khaṇḍa

Tirtha: Revā-kṣetra (contextual)

Type: kshetra

Listener: nṛpa (king) addressed in the verse

Scene: A cosmic diagram-like scene: the Sun at center with arcs indicating day/night and the two ayanas; a king listens to a sage explaining the solar governance of time.

B
Bhāskara (Sūrya)
D
Dakṣiṇāyana
U
Uttarāyana
N
Nṛpa (King)

FAQs

Time and sacred seasons are Sun-governed; dharma’s calendar rests on Sūrya’s motion and presence.

No specific tirtha is named; the verse provides cosmological grounding for timing pilgrimages and vows.

No direct prescription; it implies that rites tied to ayanas and seasons depend on honoring the Sun.