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Shloka 68

भरतचरितम्—मृगासक्ति-हेतुकः समाधिभङ्गः, जातिस्मरत्वं, रहूगण-जाḍभरत-संवादः

यदा नोपचयस् तस्य न चैवापचयो नृप तदा पीवान् असीतीत्थं कया युक्त्या त्वयेरितम्

yadā nopacayas tasya na caivāpacayo nṛpa tadā pīvān asītītthaṃ kayā yuktyā tvayeritam

O king, you have said that in Him there was neither increase nor decrease, and yet that He was then ‘full and flourishing.’ By what reasoning can this be maintained?

यदाwhen
यदा:
Kāla (Time/काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb)
not
:
Sambandha (Negation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-निपात (negation particle)
उपचयःincrease
उपचयः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootउपचय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन; Masculine nominative singular
तस्यof him/of that
तस्य:
Sambandha (Genitive relation/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th case), एकवचन; Genitive singular
not
:
Sambandha (Negation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-निपात (negation particle)
and
:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-निपात (conjunction/particle)
एवindeed / just
एव:
Sambandha (Emphasis/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअवधारणार्थक-निपात (emphatic particle)
अपचयःdecrease
अपचयः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअपचय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन; Masculine nominative singular
नृपO king
नृप:
Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootनृप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th case), एकवचन; Vocative singular
तदाthen
तदा:
Kāla (Time/काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb)
पीवान्stout / well-nourished
पीवान्:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपीवन् (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन; वर्तमानकृदन्त/विशेषण ‘fat, stout’ (from √पिव्/प्या ‘to swell, be fat’)
असीत्was
असीत्:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formलङ् (अनद्यतनभूत), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; Imperfect, 3rd person singular
इत्थम्thus
इत्थम्:
Kriya-visheshaṇa (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइत्थम् (अव्यय)
Formप्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of manner)
कयाby what
कया:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम-विशेषण, स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd case), एकवचन; Interrogative, instrumental singular
युक्त्याreasoning / logic
युक्त्या:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootयुक्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd case), एकवचन; Instrumental singular
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
Kartr̥ (Agent in passive/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootत्वम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, त्रिलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd case), एकवचन; Instrumental singular
ईरितम्stated / uttered
ईरितम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootईरित (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd case), एकवचन; Past passive participle (क्त) from √ईर्/ईरय् ‘to utter/declare’

Uncertain from single-verse input (likely a questioning interlocutor within the Parasara–Maitreya narrative frame)

Speaker: Maitreya

Topic: Apparent contradiction: how can the self have no increase/decrease yet be described as ‘full/flourishing’ (pīvān)?

Teaching: Philosophical

Quality: probing

Concept: A rational inquiry is raised to resolve how immutability of the self can be reconciled with descriptive predicates like ‘full’ or ‘flourishing.’

Vedantic Theme: Brahman

Application: When studying scripture, test apparent contradictions carefully and seek interpretive reconciliation (samanvaya) rather than rejecting teachings prematurely.

Vishishtadvaita: Encourages nuanced predication: qualities may describe the self’s manifested condition (upādhi/association) while its essential nature remains unchanged—central to qualified non-dual interpretive method.

Vishnu Form: Para-Brahman

Bhakti Type: Shanta

K
King (nṛpa)

FAQs

It frames a philosophical problem: how something can be described as stable (no growth/decline) and yet ‘flourishing,’ prompting a deeper explanation of condition versus appearance.

This verse shows the text inviting rational clarification within a devotional-cosmic narrative, using questions to refine meaning rather than relying only on assertion.

Even when not named here, the Purana’s method typically points toward an underlying stable sovereignty—ultimately grounded in Vishnu as the sustaining reality beyond apparent change.