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Shloka 3

अर्जुनकर्णयोर्युद्धवर्णनम्

Description of the Arjuna–Karṇa Engagement and Counsel to Duryodhana

अपश्यमानस्तु किरीटमाली युधिष्ठिरं भ्रातरमाजमीढम्‌ । उवाच भीम॑ तरसाभ्युपेत्य राज्ञ: प्रवृत्ति त्विह कुत्र राजा,परंतु वहाँ अपने भाई अजमीढकुलनन्दन युधिष्ठिरको न देखकर किरीटधारी अर्जुनने बड़े वेगसे भीमसेनके पास जा उनसे राजाका समाचार पूछते हुए कहा--'भैया! इस समय हमारे महाराज कहाँ हैं?”

apaśyamānas tu kirīṭamālī yudhiṣṭhiraṁ bhrātaram ājamīḍham | uvāca bhīmaṁ tarasābhyupetya rājñaḥ pravṛttiṁ tv iha kutra rājā ||

Not seeing Yudhiṣṭhira—his brother, the descendant of Ajāmīḍha—Arjuna, the wearer of the diadem, hurried up to Bhīma and asked about the king’s condition: “Brother, where is our king here at this moment?”

अपश्यमानःnot seeing
अपश्यमानः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअपश्यत् (√दृश्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
किरीटमालीthe diadem-wearer (Arjuna)
किरीटमाली:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकिरीटमालिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
युधिष्ठिरम्Yudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
भ्रातरम्brother
भ्रातरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभ्रातृ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आजमीढम्descendant of Ajamīḍha
आजमीढम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootआजमीढ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Root√वच्
FormPerfect, 3, Singular
भीमम्Bhīma
भीमम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभीम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तरसाwith speed/force
तरसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतरस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
अभ्युपेत्यhaving approached
अभ्युपेत्य:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअभि-उप-√इ
FormGerund (त्वा/ल्यप्)
राज्ञःof the king
राज्ञः:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
प्रवृत्तिःnews/whereabouts (state of affairs)
प्रवृत्तिः:
TypeNoun
Rootप्रवृत्ति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
त्वyou
त्व:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootत्वम्
FormMasculine/Feminine/Neuter, Nominative, Singular
इहhere/now
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
कुत्रwhere?
कुत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकुत्र
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Arjuna (Kirīṭamālī)
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira (Ājamīḍha)
B
Bhīma
T
the King (rājā, referring to Yudhiṣṭhira)

Educational Q&A

Even amid battle, dharma expresses itself as responsibility toward rightful leadership and kin: Arjuna’s first impulse is to ascertain the king’s safety and situation, showing that strategic action should be guided by concern for the ruler and the larger order he represents.

Sañjaya reports that Arjuna cannot find Yudhiṣṭhira on the field; he quickly approaches Bhīma and urgently asks where the king is and what his condition/situation is.