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Shloka 2

अर्जुनकर्णयोर्युद्धवर्णनम्

Description of the Arjuna–Karṇa Engagement and Counsel to Duryodhana

स युध्यमानान्‌ पृतनामुखस्थान्‌- शूर: शूरान्‌ हर्षयन्‌ सव्यसाची । पूर्वप्रहारैमथितान्‌ प्रशंसन्‌ स्थिरांक्षकारात्मरथाननीके,सव्यसाची शूरवीर अर्जुन युद्धके मुहानेपर खड़े होकर युद्ध करनेवाले अपने शूरवीर सैनिकोंका हर्ष बढ़ाते हुए तथा पहलेके प्रहारोंसे क्षत-विक्षत हुए अपने रथियोंकी भूरि-भूरि प्रशंसा करते हुए उन सबको अपनी सेनामें स्थिरतापूर्वक स्थापित किया

sa yudhyamānān pṛtanāmukhasthān śūraḥ śūrān harṣayan savyasācī | pūrvaprahārair mathitān praśaṃsan sthirāṃś ca kārātma-rathān anīke ||

Sañjaya said: Arjuna, the ambidextrous master-archer, stood at the very front of the battle-line. Cheering the warriors who were fighting there, he raised the spirits of the brave; and praising those chariot-fighters who had already been battered by earlier blows, he firmly re-established them in their positions within the army.

सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
युध्यमानान्fighting
युध्यमानान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootयुध्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural, Present active participle (शतृ)
पृतनामुखस्थान्standing at the front of the army
पृतनामुखस्थान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपृतना-मुख-स्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
शूरःthe hero
शूरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशूर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शूरान्heroes, brave men
शूरान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशूर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
हर्षयन्gladdening, cheering
हर्षयन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootहृष् (हर्षयति)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Present active participle (शतृ)
सव्यसाचीAmbidextrous one (Arjuna)
सव्यसाची:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसव्यसाचिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पूर्वप्रहारैःby earlier blows
पूर्वप्रहारैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपूर्व-प्रहार
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
मथितान्shaken, battered, crushed
मथितान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमथ्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural, Past passive participle (क्त)
अथthen, and
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
इतान्gone/come (to a condition)
इतान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootइ (एति)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural, Past active participle (क्तवत्/क्त) used adjectivally; here as 'gone/come to a state'
प्रशंसन्praising
प्रशंसन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-शंस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Present active participle (शतृ)
स्थिरान्steady, firm
स्थिरान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootस्थिर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अक्षकारात्from the axle-maker / wheelwright
अक्षकारात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootअक्षकार
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
आत्मरथान्their own chariots
आत्मरथान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआत्म-रथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अनीकेin the battle-array / in the army
अनीके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअनीक
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Arjuna (Savyasācī)
P
Pāṇḍava army (pṛtanā/anīka)
C
chariot-warriors (rathinaḥ)

Educational Q&A

Even in a righteous war, leadership is shown not only by prowess but by sustaining others: encouraging those still fighting, honoring those already wounded, and restoring steadiness and order in the ranks. Praise here functions as ethical support—protecting morale and preventing collapse into fear or disorder.

Sañjaya describes Arjuna at the front of the formation. He heartens the active fighters and commends chariot-warriors shaken by earlier attacks, then stabilizes and repositions them within the army line so the Pāṇḍava force remains firm in the ongoing clash.