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Shloka 66

अर्जुनस्य शीघ्रप्रयाणं भीम-शकुनियुद्धं च

Arjuna’s Rapid Advance and the Bhīma–Śakuni Encounter

एते पुरोगमा भूत्वा धृष्टद्युम्नस्य संयुगे । कर्णमस्यन्तमिष्वस्त्रैर्विचेररमितौजस:,शिखण्डी, सहदेव, नकुल, शतानीक, जनमेजय, सात्यकि तथा बहुत-से प्रभद्रकगण-- ये सभी अमिततेजस्वी वीर युद्धस्थलमें धृष्टद्युम्मके आगे होकर बाण बरसानेवाले कर्णपर नाना प्रकारके अस्त्र-शस्त्रोंका प्रहार करते हुए विचरने लगे

sañjaya uvāca | ete purogamā bhūtvā dhṛṣṭadyumnasya saṃyuge | karṇam asyantam iṣv-astrair vicerur amitaujasaḥ | śikhaṇḍī sahadevo nakulaḥ śatānīko janamejayaḥ sātyakiś ca tathā bahavaḥ prabhadrakagaṇāḥ—ete sarve amit-tejasaḥ vīrā yuddhasthale dhṛṣṭadyumnam agre kṛtvā bāṇān varṣantaḥ karṇe nānāvidhair astrāśastraiḥ prahārān kurvanto viceruḥ ||

Sañjaya said: Taking the lead in the battle under Dhṛṣṭadyumna’s command, those warriors of immeasurable prowess—Śikhaṇḍin, Sahadeva, Nakula, Śatānīka, Janamejaya, Sātyaki, and many companies of the Prabhadrakas—moved about the field, showering arrows and striking Karṇa with diverse weapons and missiles.

एतेthese
एते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पुरोगमाःgoing in front, vanguard
पुरोगमाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपुरोगम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
भूत्वाhaving become
भूत्वा:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootभू
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral), Non-finite
धृष्टद्युम्नस्यof Dhrishtadyumna
धृष्टद्युम्नस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun (Proper)
Rootधृष्टद्युम्न
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
संयुगेin battle
संयुगे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंयुग
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
कर्णम्Karna (as object)
कर्णम्:
Karma
TypeNoun (Proper)
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अस्यन्तम्hurling, shooting
अस्यन्तम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (क्षेपणे)
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
इष्वस्त्रैःwith missile-weapons (arrow-weapons)
इष्वस्त्रैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootइष्वस्त्र
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
विचेरुःthey moved about, ranged
विचेरुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवि + चर्
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
अमितौजसःof immeasurable might
अमितौजसः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअमितौजस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛṣṭadyumna
K
Karṇa
Ś
Śikhaṇḍin
S
Sahadeva
N
Nakula
Ś
Śatānīka
J
Janamejaya
S
Sātyaki
P
Prabhadraka-gaṇa (Prabhadraka troops)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights kṣatriya-dharma in practice: disciplined coordination under a commander (Dhṛṣṭadyumna) and collective responsibility in confronting a powerful adversary (Karṇa). It reflects the Mahābhārata’s recurring tension between personal valor and the necessity of organized, strategic action within the brutal constraints of war.

A group of prominent Pandava-aligned warriors—Śikhaṇḍin, Sahadeva, Nakula, Śatānīka, Janamejaya, Sātyaki, and Prabhadraka troops—advance as the vanguard before Dhṛṣṭadyumna and range across the battlefield, showering arrows and striking Karṇa with various weapons.