Shloka 21
Karṇa’s Camp-Council Discourse: Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Lament, Sañjaya’s Counsel, and Karṇa’s Request for Śalya
Book 8, Chapter 22
Devanagari script
पराजित्य रणे तं तु कौरव्यं पाण्डुनन्दन: । दुर्योधनबलं दृष्टवा प्रममाथ समनन््तत:,कुरुवंशी दुःशासनको रणभूमिमें पराजित करके पाण्डुनन्दन सहदेवने दुर्योधनकी सेनाको वहाँ उपस्थित देख उसे सब ओरसे मथ डाला
Transliteration
parājitya raṇe taṃ tu kauravyaṃ pāṇḍunandanaḥ | duryodhanabalaṃ dṛṣṭvā pramamātha samantataḥ ||
Translation
Sañjaya said: Having defeated that Kaurava in battle, the son of Pāṇḍu—on seeing Duryodhana’s forces drawn up there—proceeded to crush them on every side.
Word by Word
पराजित्यhaving defeated
पराजित्य:
TypeVerb
Rootपराजि (धातु)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन
तम्him/that (one)
तम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
कौरव्यम्the Kaurava (warrior)
कौरव्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकौरव्य
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
पाण्डुनन्दनःPāṇḍu’s son (Sahadeva)
पाण्डुनन्दनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डुनन्दन
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
दुर्योधनबलम्Duryodhana’s army/force
दुर्योधनबलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधनबल
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश् (धातु)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि
प्रममाथcrushed/overpowered
प्रममाथ:
TypeVerb
Rootमथ् (धातु)
Formलिट् (परस्मैपद), perfect (narrative past), प्रथम, एकवचन
समन्ततःon all sides
समन्ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसमन्ततः
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
SañjayaP
Pāṇḍunandana (Sahadeva)K
Kaurava (Duhśāsana, per Gītā Press gloss)D
DuryodhanaD
Duryodhana’s armyB
battlefield (raṇa-bhūmi)Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Geographic Context
Sandhi Notes