Mantra 3
Sukta 50
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
रात्रिंरात्रिमरिष्यन्तस्तरेम तन्वा वयम्। गम्भीरमप्लवा इव न तरेयुररातयः
IAST Transliteration
rā́trim-rā́trim áriṣyantas taréma tanvā́ vayám | gambhīrám aplávā iva ná tareyúr arā́tayaḥ ||
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
Night after night, unperishing, may we pass over with our very bodies; but the hostile, like men without a boat upon the deep, may they not pass across.
Word by Word
रात्रिम्night (as the object to be crossed)
रात्रिम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootरात्रि- (प्रातिपदिक)
रात्रिम्night (again; emphatic repetition)
रात्रिम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootरात्रि- (प्रातिपदिक)
अरिष्यन्तः(we) who will go / will move onward
अरिष्यन्तः:
कर्तृ
TypeParticiple (verbal adjective)
Rootऋ (धातु) → अरि-ष्यत् (भविष्यत्-कृदन्त/शतृ)
तरेमmay we cross
तरेम:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootतॄ (धातु)
तन्वाwith (our) body / in person
तन्वा:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootतनू- (प्रातिपदिक)
वयम्we
वयम्:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्- (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
गम्भीरम्deep (one/depth)
गम्भीरम्:
कर्म
TypeAdjective
Rootगम्भीर- (प्रातिपदिक)
अप्लवाःthose without a boat / without flotation
अप्लवाः:
कर्तृ
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootअ-प्लव- (प्रातिपदिक; नञ्-पूर्वक)
इवlike, as
इव:
सम्बन्ध/उपमान
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (निपात)
नnot
न:
सम्बन्ध
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निपात)
तरेयुःthey would/might cross
तरेयुः:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootतॄ (धातु)
अरातयःenemies, hostile ones
अरातयः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootअ-राति- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘अराति’ = शत्रु/दुष्ट)
Attribution
Rishi: As above: Atharvanic/Angirasa (confirm via anukramaṇī).
Devata: Rātri; secondarily the apotropaic force that frustrates arātis
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (probable; verify)
Mantra Rasa
{"primary_rasa":"shanta","secondary_rasa":"vira","emotional_arc":"Steady reassurance through repetition → decisive exclusion of hostility.","listener_experience":"A calm sense of secure boundary; sleep-ready confidence.","intensity":5}