Mantra 1
Sukta 50
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
रात्रिः। अध रात्रि तृष्टधूममशीर्षाणमहिं कृणु । अक्षौ वृकस्य निर्जह्यास्तेन तं द्रुपदे जहि
IAST Transliteration
rā́triḥ | átha rātri tṛṣṭadhū́mam aśī́rṣāṇam áhím kṛṇu | ákṣau vṛ́kasya nírjahyā sténam táṃ drupadé jahí ||
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
Night! Now, O Night, make the serpent smoke-choked, make him headless. Tear out the wolf’s two eyes; smite that thief with the wooden fetter, in the stocks.
Word by Word
रात्रिःNight
रात्रिः:
सम्बोधन/प्रस्तावना (विषय-निर्देश)
TypeNoun
Rootरात्रि- (प्रातिपदिक)
अधthen/now
अध:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअध (अव्यय)
रात्रिO Night
रात्रि:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootरात्रि- (प्रातिपदिक)
तृष्टधूमम्(make) the smoke thick/dense
तृष्टधूमम्:
कर्म
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootतृष्टधूम- (समास; तृष्ट + धूम)
अशीर्षाणम्headless
अशीर्षाणम्:
कर्म
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootअ-शीर्षन्- (नञ्-तत्पुरुष; ‘headless’)
अहिम्serpent
अहिम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootअहि- (प्रातिपदिक)
कृणुmake!
कृणु:
—
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
अक्षौthe two eyes
अक्षौ:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootअक्षि- (प्रातिपदिक)
वृकस्यof the wolf
वृकस्य:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootवृक- (प्रातिपदिक)
निर्जह्याcast out/remove!
निर्जह्या:
—
TypeVerb
Rootहā (धातु) + निर् (उपसर्ग)
अस्तेनwith (one who is) no thief / innocently
अस्तेन:
करण
TypeAdjective (instrumental)
Rootअ-स्तेन- (नञ्-तत्पुरुष; ‘not a thief’)
तम्him/that one
तम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
द्रुपदेin/at the wooden stocks (fetter)
द्रुपदे:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootद्रुपद- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘wooden-fetter/stock’)
जहिstrike/kill!
जहि:
—
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु)
Attribution
Rishi: Atharvanic
Devata: Rātrī (primary); hostile beings (ahi/vṛka/stena) as targets
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh-like (with opening vocative marker)
Mantra Rasa
{"primary_rasa":"raudra","secondary_rasa":"bhayankara","emotional_arc":"From invocation to escalating neutralizations to final restraint.","listener_experience":"A sense of fierce protection—fear is converted into commanding authority.","intensity":9}