Mantra 3
Sukta 16
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
तस्य व्रात्यस्य ।योऽस्य तृतीयोऽपानः सामावास्या
IAST Transliteration
tásya vrā́tyasya | yó ’sya tṛtī́yo ’pānáḥ sā́māvāsyā́
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
Of that Vratya: the third of his Apāna-breaths—this is the New-moon night.
Word by Word
तस्यof that
तस्य:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/possessor)
TypePronoun (Demonstrative)
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
व्रात्यस्यof the Vrātya (ascetic/outsider-brotherhood figure)
व्रात्यस्य:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/possessor)
TypeNoun
Rootव्रात्य (प्रातिपदिक)
यःwho/which
यः:
कर्तृ (subject of implied/copular clause)
TypeRelative pronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अस्यof this/of him
अस्य:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypePronoun (Demonstrative)
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
तृतीयःthird
तृतीयः:
विशेषण (predicate/attributive to अपानः)
TypeAdjective (Ordinal)
Rootतृतीय (क्रमवाचक-विशेषण/प्रातिपदिक)
अपानःApāna (the downward vital breath)
अपानः:
कर्तृ/विषय (subject/topic; ‘apāna’ as a vital breath)
TypeNoun
Rootअपान (प्रातिपदिक)
सामाSāman-chant / Sāma (melodic hymn)
सामा:
विधेय/सम्बन्ध (predicative/appositional: identified with apāna)
TypeNoun
Rootसामन् (प्रातिपदिक)
अमावास्याnew-moon night (Amāvāsyā)
अमावास्या:
विधेय/सम्बन्ध (predicative/appositional: identified with apāna)
TypeNoun
Rootअमावास्या (प्रातिपदिक)
Attribution
Rishi: Vratya-speculation tradition (anukramaṇī attribution varies)
Devata: Vratya / Apāna / Amāvāsyā (personified calendrical power)
Chandas: Catalogic Atharvanic diction (non-classical metrical regularity)
Mantra Rasa
{"primary_rasa":"shanta","secondary_rasa":"bhayankara","emotional_arc":"Acknowledgment of dark threshold → pacified stillness.","listener_experience":"A quieting of fear; permission to rest and release during the dark moon.","intensity":5}