Atharva Veda 2.30.5: Kanda 2, Anuvaka 3, Sukta 30, Mantra 5

Sukta 30

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

एयम॑ग॒न् पति॑कामा॒ जनि॑कामो॒ऽहमाग॑मम्। अश्वः॒ कनि॑क्रद॒द् यथा॒ भगे॑ना॒हं स॒हाग॑मम्

IAST Transliteration

éyam agan pátikāmā jánikāmo ’hám ā́gamam | áśvaḥ kaníkradat yáthā bhagéna̍ ’háṃ sahā́gamam ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Hither she hath come, husband-seeking; wife-seeking have I come to her. As a stallion neighs aloud, so, by Bhaga’s favour, have I come together with her.

Translation

Hierher ist sie gekommen, nach einem Gatten verlangend; nach einer Gattin verlangend bin ich zu ihr gekommen. Wie ein Hengst laut wiehert, so bin ich, durch Bhagas Gunst, mit ihr zusammengekommen.

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Word by Word

• एयम्: this (woman)
• एयम्: कर्तृ
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → एषा/एयम् (वैदिक-रूप)

• अगन्: went / came
• अगन्: कर्तृ
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)

• पति: husband
• पति: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: पति (प्रातिपदिक)

• कामा: desiring (a) husband
• कामा: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun (used adjectivally)
• Root: काम (प्रातिपदिक)

• जनि: wife / woman
• जनि: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: जनि (प्रातिपदिक; ‘wife/woman’ in Vedic usage)

• कामः: desiring a wife
• कामः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun (used adjectivally)
• Root: काम (प्रातिपदिक)

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: कर्तृ
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अहम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• आ: towards, unto
• आ: —
• Type: Preverb
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग)

• अगमम्: I came / I went
• अगमम्: कर्तृ
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)

• अश्वः: a horse
• अश्वः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• कनिक्रदत्: neighs / cries repeatedly
• कनिक्रदत्: कर्तृ
• Type: Verb
• Root: क्रन्द् (धातु) + नि (उपसर्ग) + कनि- (आवृत्ति/इंटेन्सिव्-प्रत्यय)

• यथा: as, like
• यथा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)

• भगेन: with good fortune / by Bhaga (the distributor of fortune)
• भगेन: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: भग (प्रातिपदिक)

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: कर्तृ
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अहम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• सह: together (with)
• सह: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह (अव्यय/उपसर्गार्थ)

• आ: towards, unto
• आ: —
• Type: Preverb
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग)

• अगमम्: I came / I went
• अगमम्: कर्तृ
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (specific ṛṣi attribution varies by anukramaṇī for this hymn)

Devata: Bhaga (as marital fortune) with implicit focus on saṃgamanī/union

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (predominant AV domestic-charm meter)

Mantra Rasa

Primary: shringara

Secondary: vira