Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 46

Tithi-Nirṇaya for Vratas: Ekādaśī Rules, Saṅkrānti Punya-kāla, Eclipse Observances, and Prāyaścitta

Devanagari script

द्वादश्यां विद्यते किंचिद्दशमीसंयुता यदि । दिनक्षये द्वितीयैव सर्वेषां परिकीर्तितां ॥ ४६ ॥

Transliteration

dvādaśyāṃ vidyate kiṃciddaśamīsaṃyutā yadi | dinakṣaye dvitīyaiva sarveṣāṃ parikīrtitāṃ || 46 ||

Translation

দ্বাদশীত যদি দশমীৰ সৈতে সামান্যও সংযোগ থাকে, তেন্তে দিনৰ অন্তত সকলোৰে বাবে কেৱল ‘দ্বিতীয়’টোৱেই (পাছৰ তিথি) ঘোষণা কৰা হৈছে।

Word by Word

• द्वादश्याम्: on Dvādaśī
• द्वादश्याम्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वादशी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; अधिकरणम्

• विद्यते: exists/is found
• विद्यते: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: विद् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; भावे (exists/is found)

• किञ्चित्: something/a little
• किञ्चित्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: किञ्चित् (सर्वनाम/अव्यय-प्राय)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; अनिश्चित-परिमाणवाचक सर्वनाम (something/a little)

• दशमी-संयुता: connected with Daśamī
• दशमी-संयुता: Karta-anvaya (कर्तृ-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दशमी (प्रातिपदिक) + संयुत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, √युज्)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (दशम्या संयुता) ; विशेषणम् (द्वादशी)

• यदि: if
• यदि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदि (अव्यय)
• Form: शर्तार्थक-अव्यय (if)

• दिन-क्षये: at the end of the day
• दिन-क्षये: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिन (प्रातिपदिक) + क्षय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (दिनस्य क्षयः) ; अधिकरणम्

• द्वितीया: the second lunar day (Dvitīyā)
• द्वितीया: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वितीया (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्ता (तिथि-नाम)

• एव: indeed/only
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक-निपात (emphasis: ‘only/indeed’)

• सर्वेषाम्: of all (people)
• सर्वेषाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; सम्बन्ध (of all)

• परिकीर्तिता: is proclaimed
• परिकीर्तिता: Kriya (क्रिया-भाव)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परि-कीर्त् (धातु) + क्त (कृत्) → परिकीर्तित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त-भूतकृदन्तः; कर्मणि (is declared/proclaimed)

Speaker

Sanatkumara (in dialogue with Narada)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: Ekadashi (context: pāraṇā/selection around Dvādaśī)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It teaches that vows (vratas) must be performed with correct tithi-judgment (nirṇaya); accuracy in timing preserves the sanctity and fruit of the observance.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

By emphasizing precise observance of sacred days like Dvādaśī in alignment with the pañcāṅga, it supports disciplined Vishnu-bhakti where devotion is expressed through regulated vrata practice.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

It reflects Jyotiṣa/Vedāṅga application—tithi conjunction (saṁyoga) and day-end (dina-kṣaya) rules used to decide the proper observance day in Narada Purana rituals.