Shloka 20

Adhyaya 41 — Yogic Conduct and the Discipline Leading to Siddhi

Sanskrit

त्यक्तसङ्गो जितक्रोधो लघ्वाहारो जितेन्द्रियः ।

पिधाय बुद्ध्या द्वाराणि मनो ध्याने निवेशयेत् ॥

Transliteration

tyaktasaṅgo jitakrodho laghvāhāro jitendriyaḥ | pidhāya buddhyā dvārāṇi mano dhyāne niveśayet ||

Translation

بعد ترك التعلّق، وقهر الغضب، وتخفيف الطعام، وإتقان ضبط الحواس—وبإغلاق «الأبواب» بالعقل، ينبغي إيداع الذهن في التأمّل (دهيانا).

Word by Word

• त्यक्तसङ्गः: one who has abandoned attachment
• त्यक्तसङ्गः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्यक्त (कृदन्त from त्यज् धातु) + सङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कृदन्त-आधारित बहुव्रीहि-समास; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; ‘यस्य सङ्गः त्यक्तः सः’

• जितक्रोधः: one who has conquered anger
• जितक्रोधः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जित (कृदन्त from जि धातु) + क्रोध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कृदन्त-आधारित बहुव्रीहि-समास; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; ‘यस्य क्रोधः जितः सः’

• लघ्वाहारः: one whose food is light/moderate
• लघ्वाहारः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: लघु + आहार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुव्रीहि-समास; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; ‘यस्य आहारः लघुः सः’

• जितेन्द्रियः: one who has mastered the senses
• जितेन्द्रियः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जित (कृदन्त from जि धातु) + इन्द्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कृदन्त-आधारित बहुव्रीहि-समास; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; ‘यस्य इन्द्रियाणि जितानि सः’

• पिधाय: having closed
• पिधाय: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: पि-धा (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय, absolutive/gerund); ‘having closed’

• बुद्ध्या: with the intellect
• बुद्ध्या: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बुद्धि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन; करण (instrument)

• द्वाराणि: doors/gates (sense-openings)
• द्वाराणि: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), बहुवचन

• मनः: the mind
• मनः: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन

• ध्याने: in meditation
• ध्याने: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ध्यान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; अधिकरण (locus)

• निवेशयेत्: should fix/place
• निवेशयेत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि-विश् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; causative sense ‘should place/settle’

Speakers

• Didactic narrator

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Yoga
• Dhyāna
• Vairāgya (detachment)
• Indriya-nigraha (sense control)
• Antaḥkaraṇa discipline

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Meditation is not merely a technique; it rests on moral-emotional purification (angerlessness), lifestyle moderation (light diet), and detachment, culminating in deliberate sensory withdrawal guided by buddhi.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ācāra-yoga instruction; supportive teaching within the Purāṇa’s broader compendium, not a sarga/manvantara/genealogy passage.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Closing the doors with buddhi’ points to pratyāhāra: the discriminative faculty disengages attention from sense-objects so the mind can abide in its source and become fit for samādhi.