Rig Veda 4.5.4: Mandala 4, Sukta 5, Mantra 4
Sukta 4.5
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama
Devata: Agni (with Varuṇa–Mitra ethical-cosmic frame)
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; verify)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
प्र ताँ अग्निर्बभसत्तिग्मजम्भस्तपिष्ठेन शोचिषा यः सुराधाः । प्र ये मिनन्ति वरुणस्य धाम प्रिया मित्रस्य चेततो ध्रुवाणि ॥
Transliteration
prá tā́m̐ agnír babhasat tigmá-jambhas tápiṣṭhena śocíṣā yáḥ su-rā́dhāḥ | prá ye minánti váruṇasya dhā́ma priyā́ mitrásya cétato dhruvā́ṇi ||
Translation
阿耆尼具锐利之颚，以最炽烈的光焰向他们燃击——他成就圆满之作为。凡损害伐楼那之法与居处者，凡扰乱密特拉所爱、坚固而能唤醒觉知者，皆为他所击。
Word by Word
प्रforth, forward
प्र:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (upasarga)
तान्those (them)
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)
अग्निःAgni (Fire-god)
अग्निः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (prātipadika)
बभसत्तिcrushes, smites
बभसत्ति:
—
TypeVerb
Rootभस् (धातु; Vedic present)
तीग्मजम्भःsharp-jawed, with fierce teeth
तीग्मजम्भः:
Kartā (qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootतीग्म-जम्भ (prātipadika; bahuvrīhi/tatpuruṣa compound)
तपिष्ठेनwith the hottest
तपिष्ठेन:
Karaṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootतपिष्ठ (superlative adj. from तप्/तपस्)
शोचिषाwith flame, with blazing light
शोचिषा:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootशोचिस् (prātipadika)
यःwho
यः:
Kartā (relative)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (relative pronoun)
सुराधाःof good bounty, beneficent
सुराधाः:
Kartā (qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootसु-राधस् (prātipadika; bahuvrīhi)
प्रforth, forward
प्र:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (upasarga)
येwho (those who)
ये:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (relative pronoun)
मिनन्तिthey violate, they transgress
मिनन्ति:
—
TypeVerb
Rootमि (धातु; ‘to diminish/violate’)
वरुणस्यof Varuṇa
वरुणस्य:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootवरुण (prātipadika)
धामabode, ordinance, domain
धाम:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधामन् (prātipadika)
प्रियाणिdear (things), cherished (ordinances)
प्रियाणि:
Karma (with understood noun ‘things’)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रिय (prātipadika)
मित्रस्यof Mitra
मित्रस्य:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र (prātipadika)
चेततःof the observing/attentive (one)
चेततः:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha
TypeAdjective/Participle
Rootचेतत् (present participle from चित् ‘to perceive/notice’)
ध्रुवाणिfirm, fixed, steadfast
ध्रुवाणि:
Karma (qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootध्रुव (prātipadika)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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