Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 72, Shloka 60

भरतस्य मातृसदनगमनं कैकेय्या दारुणवृत्तान्तकथनं च

Bharata in Kaikeyi’s apartments: revelation of Daśaratha’s death and Rāma’s exile

Devanagari script

अपश्यंस्तु ततस्तत्र पितरं पितुरालये।जगाम भरतो द्रष्टुं मातरं मातुरालये।।2.72.1।।

Transliteration

apaśyaṃs tu tatas tatra pitaraṃ pitur ālaye |

jagāma bharato draṣṭuṃ mātaraṃ mātur ālaye ||

Translation

他在父王的居所中未见父亲，婆罗多便前往母亲的内宫，欲拜见其母。

Word by Word

• apaśyan: not seeing
• apaśyan: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √paś (पश्); paśyan (शतृ) with a- (नञर्थ)
• Form: Vartamāna-kṛdanta (शतृ), Pumliṅga, Prathama, Ekavacana

• tu: but
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात)

• tataḥ: thereafter
• tataḥ: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb

• tatra: there
• tatra: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatra (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb of place

• pitaram: father
• pitaram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pumliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

• pituḥ: of father
• pituḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pumliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī, Ekavacana

• ālaye: in the abode
• ālaye: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ālaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pumliṅga, Saptamī, Ekavacana

• jagāma: went
• jagāma: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √gam (गम्)
• Form: Laṅ, 3rd person, singular

• bharataḥ: Bharata
• bharataḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bharata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pumliṅga, Prathama, Ekavacana

• draṣṭum: to see
• draṣṭum: Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √dṛś (दृश्)
• Form: Tumun infinitive

• mātaram: mother
• mātaram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

• mātuḥ: of mother
• mātuḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī, Ekavacana

• ālaye: in the abode
• ālaye: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ālaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pumliṅga, Saptamī, Ekavacana

Context

Surely the illustrious maharaja is not aware of my arrival. Otherwise he would have quickly bent my head and kissed me on my forehead.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Daśaratha (implied)
• Kaikeyi (implied)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as proper conduct and respectful approach to family elders in the correct setting, especially during tense royal circumstances.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata, not finding Daśaratha, proceeds to Kaikeyi’s residence.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Respectful diligence and concern for family.