Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 70, Shloka 29

भरतस्य दूतसमागमः तथा केकयराजनः अनुज्ञा

Bharata Meets the Messengers; Kekaya King Grants Leave

Devanagari script

रथान्मण्डल चक्रांश्च योजयित्वा परश्शतम्।उष्ट्र गोऽश्वबलैर्भृत्या भरतं यान्तमन्वयुः।।2.70.29।।

Transliteration

rathān maṇḍala-cakrāṁś ca yojayitvā paraḥ-śatam |

uṣṭra-go-'śva-balair bhṛtyā bharataṁ yāntam anvayuḥ ||2.70.29||

Translation

仆从们套好一百余乘轮辋圆整的战车，又率骆驼、牛与马的队伍，追随婆罗多启行。

Word by Word

• रथान्: chariots
• रथान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ratha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), बहुवचन

• मण्डलचक्रान्: with circular wheels
• मण्डलचक्रान्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: maṇḍala-cakra (प्रातिपदिक; मण्डल + चक्र)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; कर्मधारय (मण्डलानि चक्राणि येषाम्/मण्डलचक्राः)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चयबोधक

• योजयित्वा: having harnessed
• योजयित्वा: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √yuj (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund/absolutive); causative sense in usage (to yoke/harness)

• परःशतम्: more than a hundred
• परःशतम्: Saṅkhyā-viśeṣaṇa (संख्या-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: para-śata (प्रातिपदिक; पर + शत)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; संख्याविशेषण; तत्पुरुष (शतं परम् = more than a hundred)

• उष्ट्रगोऽश्वबलैः: with forces of camels, oxen, and horses
• उष्ट्रगोऽश्वबलैः: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: uṣṭra-go-aśva-bala (प्रातिपदिक; उष्ट्र + गो + अश्व + बल)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), बहुवचन; द्वन्द्व (उष्ट्र-गो-अश्व) + बल; साधनभूत

• भृत्याः: servants
• भृत्याः: Kartā (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhṛtya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (कर्ता), बहुवचन

• भरतम्: Bharata
• भरतम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bharata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन

• यान्तम्: going
• यान्तम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: yānt (कृदन्त; √yā या, शतृ)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकाले (present active participle)

• अन्वयुः: followed
• अन्वयुः: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: anu-√i (धातु; इण्)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (imperfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद; उपसर्ग: अनु

Context

Oh large-eyed one (Bharata)! you are asked to take these excellent raiments and precious ornaments and bestow them on your maternal uncle (said the messengers).

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• chariots (rathāḥ)
• camels
• horses

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is coordinated service: attendants fulfill their roles efficiently so that a leader can perform higher duties without disorder or neglect.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata’s departure becomes a full royal movement—vehicles are prepared and a large supporting retinue follows him.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Leadership supported by collective responsibility—Bharata’s mission is enabled by disciplined service and preparedness.