Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 66, Shloka 14

अयोध्यायां शोकविलापः

Lamentation in Ayodhya after Daśaratha’s death

Devanagari script

तैलद्रोण्यामथामात्या सम्वेश्य जगतीपतिम्।राज्ञस्सर्वाण्यथादिष्टाश्चक्रुः कर्माण्यनन्तरम्।।।।

Transliteration

tailadroṇyām athāmātyāḥ saṃveśya jagatīpatim |

rājñaḥ sarvāṇy athādiṣṭāś cakruḥ karmāṇy anantaram ||

Translation

随后，大臣们依照吩咐，将大地之主安置于盛油之槽中，并立刻施行其后应行的规定仪式。

Word by Word

• तैलद्रोण्याम्: in the oil-vat
• तैलद्रोण्याम्: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तैल+द्रोणी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (oil-tub)

• अथ: then
• अथ: Discourse connector (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; अनुक्रम/अनन्तरार्थक (then/thereupon)

• अमात्याः: ministers/counsellors
• अमात्याः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अमात्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• संवेश्य: having laid/placed
• संवेश्य: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्+विश् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव; पूर्वक्रिया (having placed/laid)

• जगतीपतिम्: the lord of the world (the king)
• जगतीपतिम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जगती+पति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (lord of the earth/world)

• राज्ञः: of the king
• राज्ञः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• सर्वाणि: all
• सर्वाणि: Karma (कर्म/Object; qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन; विशेषण (of कर्माणि)

• अथ: then
• अथ: Discourse connector (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; अनुक्रमार्थक (then)

• आदिष्टाः: having been instructed
• आदिष्टाः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject; qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आ+दिश् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्यय (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; विशेषण (of अमात्याः)

• चक्रुः: they performed/did
• चक्रुः: Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• कर्माणि: rites/ceremonies
• कर्माणि: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन

• अनन्तरम्: afterwards/immediately
• अनन्तरम्: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (काल-अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अनन्तर (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक (immediately thereafter)

Context

The counsellors, instructed (by Vasistha and others), placed the king's body in an oil tub with the understanding that the funeral rites were to be performed hereafter.

Characters & Entities

• Daśaratha
• ministers (amātyāḥ)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is shown as adherence to proper rites and orderly governance even amid grief. The ministers preserve the king’s body and follow instruction, ensuring continuity of sacred and civic procedure.

What is the narrative situation?

After the king’s death, the ministers arrange preservation of the body in an oil-vat while preparing for subsequent funeral rites.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Administrative steadiness and duty (kartavya-niṣṭhā) in crisis—placing communal responsibility above personal emotion.