Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 45, Shloka 18

अयोध्यावासिजनानुरागः

The People and Brahmins Follow Rama toward Exile

Devanagari script

पद्भ्यामेव जगामाथ ससीत स्सहलक्ष्मणः।सन्निकृष्टपदन्यासो रामो वनपरायणः।।।।

Transliteration

padbhyām eva jagāma atha sa-sītaḥ saha-lakṣmaṇaḥ |

sannikṛṣṭa-pada-nyāso rāmo vana-parāyaṇaḥ ||

Translation

于是罗摩——志在入林——与悉多、罗什曼那相伴，徒步前行；他落步缓慢，步步相近而安稳。

Word by Word

• padbhyām: with (his) two feet, on foot
• padbhyām: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, द्विवचन (Dual)

• eva: only
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, अवधारण

• jagāma: went
• jagāma: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √gam (गम् धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• atha: then
• atha: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atha (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, अनन्तर (sequence marker: 'then')

• sa-sītāḥ: with Sita
• sa-sītāḥ: Sahakari (सहकारी)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sa + sītā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास (सह/स- 'with' + सीता); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण of rāmaḥ

• sa-ha-lakṣmaṇaḥ: with Lakshmana
• sa-ha-lakṣmaṇaḥ: Sahakari (सहकारी)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sa + lakṣmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास (स- 'with' + लक्ष्मण); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण of rāmaḥ

• sannikṛṣṭa-pada-nyāsaḥ: with short/slow steps
• sannikṛṣṭa-pada-nyāsaḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sannikṛṣṭa + pada + nyāsa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (पदन्यासः = 'placing of steps' qualified by सन्निकृष्ट 'close/short'); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण of rāmaḥ

• rāmaḥ: Rama
• rāmaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• vana-parāyaṇaḥ: bound for the forest
• vana-parāyaṇaḥ: Gati (गति)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vana + parāyaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (वन-परायण: 'devoted/going towards the forest'); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण of rāmaḥ

Context

Rama a man of probity and compassion could not ride off in his chariot while those brahmins were trudging far behind.

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• Sita
• Lakshmana
• forest (vana)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is shown as self-restraint and solidarity: Rama accepts hardship without privilege, walking alongside his companions rather than proceeding in comfort.

What is the narrative situation?

After alighting from the chariot, Rama continues toward exile on foot together with Sita and Lakshmana.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rama’s austerity and consideration—he slows his pace, mindful of those around him.