Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 16, Shloka 7

सुमन्त्रदर्शनम् तथा रामस्य राजदर्शनाय प्रस्थानम्

Sumantra Meets Rama; Rama Departs to See the King

Devanagari script

प्रतिवेदितमाज्ञाय सूतमभ्यन्तरं पितुः।तत्रैवानाययामास राघवप्रियकाम्यया।।।।

Transliteration

prativeditam ājñāya sūtam abhyantaraṃ pituḥ | tatraivānāyayāmāsa rāghavaḥ priyakāmyayā ||

Translation

罗摩从他们的禀报得知：那位车夫——父王所信任的近臣——已到；罗摩为表敬重，便命人将他就地请入。

Word by Word

• tam: him
• tam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular; pronoun referring to Rāma

• vaiśravaṇa-saṅkāśam: resembling Kubera
• vaiśravaṇa-saṅkāśam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vaiśravaṇa + saṅkāśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular; tatpuruṣa: 'having the appearance of Vaiśravaṇa (Kubera)'

• upaviṣṭam: seated
• upaviṣṭam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: upa + √viś (धातु)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular; PPP (क्त): 'seated'

• svalaṅkṛtam: well-adorned
• svalaṅkṛtam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: su + alaṅkṛta (कृदन्त; √kṛ/alaṅkṛ)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular; PPP (क्त); avyayībhāva: सु- + अलङ्कृत

• dadarśa: saw
• dadarśa: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √dṛś (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd person, Singular, Parasmaipada

• sūtaḥ: the charioteer
• sūtaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sūta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• paryaṅke: on the couch
• paryaṅke: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: paryaṅka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular

• sauvarṇe: golden
• sauvarṇe: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sauvarṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular; adjective to paryaṅke

• sa-uttara-cchade: with a coverlet
• sa-uttara-cchade: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sa + uttara + chada (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular; tatpuruṣa (सह): 'with an upper cover/with coverlet' qualifying paryaṅke

• varāha-rudhira-ābheṇa: with boar-blood-like redness
• varāha-rudhira-ābheṇa: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: varāha + rudhira + ābha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular; tatpuruṣa: 'with the hue like boar's blood' (describing candana)

• śucinā: pure
• śucinā: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śuci (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular; adjective to candanena

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction particle

• sugandhinā: fragrant
• sugandhinā: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sugandhin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular; adjective to candanena

• anuliptam: anointed
• anuliptam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: anu + √lip (धातु)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular; PPP (क्त): 'smeared/anointed'

• parārdhyena: with excellent
• parārdhyena: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: parārdhya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular; adjective to candanena: 'most excellent/precious'

• candanena: with sandalpaste
• candanena: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: candana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• parantapam: subduer of foes
• parantapam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: parantapa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular; tatpuruṣa: 'scorcher of enemies' (epithet of Rāma)

• sthitayā: by (her) standing
• sthitayā: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √sthā (धातु)
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular; PPP (क्त) used adjectivally: 'standing' (referring to Sītā)

• pārśvataḥ: at the side
• pārśvataḥ: Deśa-adhikaraṇa (देशाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: pārśvatas (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (place)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction particle

• api: also
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात)

• vāla-vyajana-hastayā: with a yak-tail fan in hand
• vāla-vyajana-hastayā: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vāla + vyajana + hasta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular; tatpuruṣa: 'having a yak-tail fan in hand'

• upetam: attended by
• upetam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: upa + √i (धातु)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular; PPP (क्त): 'attended/accompanied'

• sītayā: by Sita
• sītayā: Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sītā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

• bhūyaḥ: again/indeed
• bhūyaḥ: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: bhūyaḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (पुनरर्थक)

• citrayā: by (the star) Chitra
• citrayā: Upamāna-sahakāraka (उपमान-सहकारक)
• Type: Noun
• Root: citrā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular; proper noun (star Citrā) used in simile

• śaśinam: the moon
• śaśinam: Upameya (उपमेय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śaśin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• yathā: like/as
• yathā: Upamā (उपमा)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Comparative indeclinable

Context

.Humble and extremely courteous charioteer (to the guards) said, Inform Rama at once that Sumantra is waiting at the entrance.

Characters & Entities

• Rama (Raghava)
• Sumantra
• Dasharatha (implied as ‘father’)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is respect for relationships and rightful hierarchy: Rama honors someone valued by his father, upholding familial and royal propriety.

What is the narrative situation?

After being told Sumantra has arrived, Rama orders that Sumantra be escorted into his presence immediately.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Gaurava (respect) and saṃskāra (refined conduct), especially toward elders and trusted servants of the family.