Shloka 22

Kāśī-māhātmya: Avimukta Gaṅgā and the Pañcanada Tīrtha

Devanagari script

तेषां पितामहा मुक्तानानायोनिगता अपि । यमलोके पितृगणैर्गार्थयं परिगीयते ॥ २२ ॥

Transliteration

teṣāṃ pitāmahā muktānānāyonigatā api | yamaloke pitṛgaṇairgārthayaṃ parigīyate || 22 ||

Translation

即便他们的祖父辈——纵已得解脱，纵又入于种种胎生——在阎摩之界，仍为众祖灵（Pitṛ）以祖先颂歌（gāthā）传唱称扬。

Word by Word

• तेषाम्: of them
• तेषाम्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठीविभक्तिः (6th/षष्ठी), बहुवचनम्; सर्वनाम

• पितामहाः: grandfathers/forefathers
• पितामहाः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितामह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (1st), बहुवचनम्

• मुक्ताः: liberated
• मुक्ताः: विशेषण (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मुच् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्तः (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचनम्; विशेषणम् (पितामहाः)

• नाना: various
• नाना: विशेषण (Qualifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नाना (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिकवत्)
• Form: अव्ययम्; विशेषणार्थे (indeclinable: 'various')

• योनि-गताः: gone into (different) wombs/births
• योनि-गताः: विशेषण (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: योनि (प्रातिपदिक) + गत (गम् धातु + क्त, कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचनम्; तत्पुरुषसमासः (योनि + गत) = 'योनौ गताः'

• अपि: even/also
• अपि: सम्बन्धसूचक (Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्ययम्; अव्यय-निपातः (particle: 'even/also')

• यमलोके: in Yama's world
• यमलोके: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यमलोक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचनम्; तत्पुरुषसमासः (यमस्य लोकः)

• पितृगणैः: by the groups of Pitṛs (manes)
• पितृगणैः: करण (Karaṇa/Instrument/Agent in passive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृगण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचनम्; तत्पुरुषसमासः (पितॄणां गणः)

• गार्थयम्: the 'Gārthaya' chant/hymn
• गार्थयम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गार्थय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचनम्; (स्तुतिगीत-विशेषः)

• परिगीयते: is sung/recited
• परिगीयते: क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि + गा (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुषः (3rd), एकवचनम्; आत्मनेपदम्; कर्मणि प्रयोगः (passive sense: 'is sung')

Speaker

Narada

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Characters & Entities

• Yama
• Pitrs

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It highlights the continuing recognition of one’s ancestral line in Yamaloka: forefathers are honored among the Pitṛs, indicating the enduring dharmic link between descendants and ancestors through Pitṛ-karma.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Indirectly, it supports devotional Dharma by affirming that righteous observances (including offerings made with faith) uphold ancestral welfare—an aspect of lived bhakti expressed through duty, reverence, and sacred remembrance.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Ritual application is implied: proper performance of Śrāddha and Pitṛ-tarpaṇa (guided by Kalpa/ritual discipline) sustains Pitṛ-related merit and remembrance within the ancestral order.