Shloka 22

The Greatness of the Month of Māgha

Māgha-snāna, Harivāsara, and the Kāṣṭhīlā-Upākhyāna

Devanagari script

भागास्त्रयस्तिलानां तु चतुर्थः शर्करांशकः । तांबूलादीनि भोग्यानि भक्त्यादकद्याद्विधानवित् ॥ २२ ॥

Transliteration

bhāgāstrayastilānāṃ tu caturthaḥ śarkarāṃśakaḥ | tāṃbūlādīni bhogyāni bhaktyādakadyādvidhānavit || 22 ||

Translation

应供奉以三份芝麻与一份糖调和之物。并且通晓仪轨者，还应以虔敬之心奉上槟榔叶（tāmbūla）等可享之供品。

Word by Word

• bhāgāḥ: parts/shares
• bhāgāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhāga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

• trayaḥ: three
• trayaḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tri (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); numeral adjective qualifying bhāgāḥ

• tilānām: of sesame (seeds)
• tilānām: Shashthi-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tila (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)

• tu: but/indeed
• tu: Sambandha-bodhaka (सम्बन्धबोधक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात), adversative/contrastive

• caturthaḥ: the fourth
• caturthaḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: caturtha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); ordinal adjective (the fourth)

• śarkarā-aṃśakaḥ: a portion of sugar
• śarkarā-aṃśakaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śarkarā (प्रातिपदिक) + aṃśaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: śarkarāyāḥ aṃśakaḥ

• tāṃbūla-ādīni: betel and the like
• tāṃbūla-ādīni: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tāṃbūla (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); ādi-śabda compound meaning 'betel etc.'

• bhogyāni: to be enjoyed/consumable
• bhogyāni: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bhogya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); qualifying tāṃbūlādīni

• bhaktyā: with devotion
• bhaktyā: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhakti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• dadyāt: should give
• dadyāt: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dā (धा॒तु)
• Form: Optative/विधिलिङ्, Parasmaipada, 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

• vidhāna-vit: one who knows the procedure
• vidhāna-vit: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vidhāna (प्रातिपदिक) + vit (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); उपपद-तत्पुरुष: vidhānaṃ vetti iti

Speaker

Nārada (in instruction within the Uttara-Bhāga narrative)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhakti

Secondary Rasa: shanta

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It teaches that offerings are not merely material; their sanctity comes from correct vidhi (procedure) and bhakti (devotion), making the act spiritually efficacious.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Bhakti is emphasized as the inner force behind ritual giving—pleasant offerings like tāmbūla become devotional service when presented with reverence and sincerity.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

It highlights ritual protocol (vidhāna)—the applied, rule-based aspect of Vedic practice (aligned with Kalpa/ritual procedure), stressing measured ingredients and proper offering etiquette.