Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 31

Nirukta, Phonetic Variants, and Vedic Dhātu–Svara Taxonomy

Devanagari script

धेटः परस्मैपदिनः षट्चत्वारिंशदुदीरिताः । अष्टादश स्मिङाद्यास्तु आमनेपदिनो मताः ॥ ३१ ॥

Transliteration

dheṭaḥ parasmaipadinaḥ ṣaṭcatvāriṃśadudīritāḥ | aṣṭādaśa smiṅādyāstu āmanepadino matāḥ || 31 ||

Translation

在以“dheṭ”起首的诸动根中，有四十六被宣说为取 Parasmaipada（为他语态）词尾；而十八项——以“smiṅ”等为首——则被认为属 Ātmanepada（自为语态）。

Word by Word

• धेटः: (the group called) ‘dheṭa’
• धेटः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धेट (प्रातिपदिक/गण-नाम)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; वर्ग/गण-निर्देशः

• परस्मैपदिनः: parasmaipada (verbs)
• परस्मैपदिनः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परस्मैपदिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; पद-भेद-विशेषण (parasmaipada)

• षट्-चत्वारिंशत्: forty-six
• षट्-चत्वारिंशत्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: षट् (प्रातिपदिक) + चत्वारिंशत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; संख्या (forty-six)

• उदीरिताः: are declared
• उदीरिताः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उदीरित (कृदन्त, √ईर्/उद्+ईर् धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; कर्मणि (declared)

• अष्टादश: eighteen
• अष्टादश: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अष्टादश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; संख्या (eighteen)

• स्मिङ-आद्याः: those beginning with ‘smiṅ’
• स्मिङ-आद्याः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्मिङ् (प्रातिपदिक/गण-नाम) + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘स्मिङादि’ (beginning with smiṅ)

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, विरोध/अवधानार्थक (but/indeed)

• आमनेपदिनः: ātmanepada (verbs)
• आमनेपदिनः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आमनेपदिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; पद-भेद-विशेषण (ātmanepada/āmane-pada)

• मताः: are considered
• मताः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: मत (कृदन्त, √मन् धातु)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘considered/held’ अर्थे

Speaker

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

Characters & Entities

• Narada
• Sanatkumara

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It highlights Vedāṅga-Vyākaraṇa as a support for dharma and mokṣa: correct knowledge of verbal forms safeguards accurate recitation, interpretation, and application of śāstra and mantras.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Indirectly, it supports bhakti by stressing linguistic precision: devotional hymns and Vishnu-nāma recitation become more reliable when grammar and verb-forms are properly understood.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Vyākaraṇa (grammar): a technical enumeration of dhātu-groups classified by pada-bheda—Parasmaipada versus Ātmanepada—used for correct conjugation in study and ritual contexts.