Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 75, Shloka 38

Adhyaya 75 — The Fall and Restoration of Revatī Nakṣatra and the Birth of Raivata Manu

Sanskrit

एकस्तावदयं भूपश्चिरकालादुपागतः ।

जामाता च विशेषेण योग्योर्'घस्य मतो मम ॥

Transliteration

ekas tāvad ayaṃ bhūpaś cirakālād upāgataḥ |

jāmātā ca viśeṣeṇa yogyor'ghasya mato mama ||

Translation

因为首先，这位国王隔了很久才到来；而且更重要的是，尤其作为女婿，我认为他确实堪受阿尔伽供。

Word by Word

• ekaḥ: one
• ekaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: eka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying ayam bhūpaḥ)

• tāvat: for the moment
• tāvat: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tāvat (अव्यय)
• Form: परिमाण/अवधि-वाचक-अव्यय (for now/so much)

• ayam: this
• ayam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• bhūpaḥ: king
• bhūpaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhūpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• cirakālāt: after a long time
• cirakālāt: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: cirakāla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय (ciraḥ kālaḥ), पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन

• upāgataḥ: has arrived
• upāgataḥ: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: upa-ā-√gam (धातु) + ta (क्त)
• Form: क्त-कृदन्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्तरि ‘has come’

• jāmātā: son-in-law
• jāmātā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jāmātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• viśeṣeṇa: especially
• viśeṣeṇa: Kriya-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: viśeṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया-एकवचनरूपेण अव्ययीभाव (instrumental used adverbially): ‘especially’

• yogyaḥ: fit/worthy
• yogyaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: yogya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (understood: saḥ)

• arghasya: of the arghya-offering
• arghasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: argha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• mataḥ: is considered
• mataḥ: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: man (धातु) + ta (क्त)
• Form: क्त-कृदन्त (PPP used predicatively), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘is considered’

• mama: by me/of me
• mama: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, षष्ठी, एकवचन

Speakers

• Sage (Pramuca)
• explaining to disciple (implied) why special honor is due

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "srngara", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Social dharma (family relations)
• Atithi-satkara
• Kinship-based obligations

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Dharma operates through graded duties: a guest deserves honor, and kinship (here, the son-in-law) adds a further layer of obligation and affection.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Carita with dharma-śikṣā (ethical instruction) embedded; not directly sarga/pratisarga/manvantara.

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘long time’ and ‘son-in-law’ motifs signal reunion and integration: the worldly householder network and ascetic sphere are not opposed but ritually reconciled through honor (arghya).