Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 51, Shloka 25

Adhyaya 51 — Yaksha Injunctions: Graha-Children and Female Spirits Causing Domestic and Ritual Disruptions

Sanskrit

बहिर्बलिप्रदानाच्च सोमाम्बुपरिकीर्तनात् ।

परदारपहद्रव्यहरणादिषु मानवान् ॥

Transliteration

bahir bali-pradānāc ca somāmbu-parikīrtanāt / para-dāra-paha-dravya-haraṇādiṣu mānavān

Translation

又当于外施献婆利（bali，安抚供献），并诵念/称说苏摩之水；并当制止众人行诸过失，如亲近他人妻、盗取他人财物，以及类似罪行。

Word by Word

• bahis: outside
• bahis: Deśa-adhikaraṇa (देशाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: bahis (अव्यय)
• Form: Indeclinable; adverb (क्रियाविशेषण) “outside”

• bali-pradānāt: from offering oblations
• bali-pradānāt: Hetu/Apādāna (हेतु/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bali (प्रातिपदिक) + pradāna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: baler pradānam); Neuter, Ablative (5th), Singular

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक)

• soma-ambu-parikīrtanāt: from reciting (names of) soma and water
• soma-ambu-parikīrtanāt: Hetu/Apādāna (हेतु/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: soma (प्रातिपदिक) + ambu (प्रातिपदिक) + parikīrtana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (dvandva-like coordination inside as a list: soma, ambu; then ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa: (soma-ambuyoḥ) parikīrtanam); Neuter, Ablative, Singular

• para-dāra-apaha-dravya-haraṇa-ādiṣu: in (acts like) abducting another’s wife, stealing property, etc.
• para-dāra-apaha-dravya-haraṇa-ādiṣu: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: para (प्रातिपदिक) + dāra (प्रातिपदिक) + apaha (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक; apa-√hṛ (धातु)) + dravya (प्रातिपदिक) + haraṇa (प्रातिपदिक; √hṛ (धातु)) + ādi (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Enumerative compound (समाहार-द्वन्द्व/सूचीसमास) with ādi “etc.”; Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Plural (बहुवचन)

• mānavān: men/humans
• mānavān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mānava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd), Plural

Speakers

• Dharmic instruction

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "dharma", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Soma

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Ritual propitiation
• Social ethics
• Non-stealing
• Sexual ethics

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Outer rites (bali, recitation) are paired with inner moral restraint: protection is incomplete without preventing core breaches of dharma such as theft and sexual misconduct.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ancillary dharma/ritual guidance; not a pancalakṣaṇa narrative unit.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Outside bali’ can indicate offering disruptive forces a designated place (channeling rather than suppressing); Soma-water remembrance suggests cooling, clarifying consciousness that counters craving-driven transgression.