Shloka 10

Adhyaya 46 — Cosmic Dissolution, the Emergence of Brahma, and the Measures of Time (Yugas, Manvantaras, and Brahma’s Day)

Sanskrit

यथा मदो नवस्त्रीणां यथा वा माधवानिलः ।

अनुप्रविष्टः क्षोभाय तथासौ योगमूर्तिमान् ॥

Transliteration

yathā mado nava-strīṇāṃ yathā vā mādhavānilaḥ |

anupraviṣṭaḥ kṣobhāya tathāsau yogamūrtimān ||

Translation

如同醉意（或情欲）进入年轻女子，或如春风吹入而搅动众生；同样，那一位——以瑜伽为其形相者——进入其中，为的是引发震荡与激动。

Word by Word

• yathā: just as
• yathā: Upamāna-dyotaka (उपमान-द्योतक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; उपमानार्थक (comparative 'as/like')

• madaḥ: intoxication; passion; excitement
• madaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mada (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• nava-strīṇām: of young/new women
• nava-strīṇām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nava (प्रातिपदिक) + strī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), बहुवचन; कर्मधारय: नवाः स्त्रियः (new/young women)

• yathā: just as
• yathā: Upamāna-dyotaka (उपमान-द्योतक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; उपमानार्थक

• vā: or
• vā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; विकल्पार्थक (or)

• mādhava-anilaḥ: the spring wind
• mādhava-anilaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mādhava (प्रातिपदिक) + anila (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; माधवस्य अनिलः (spring breeze)

• anu-praviṣṭaḥ: having entered; having permeated
• anu-praviṣṭaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: anu√viś (धातु) + kta (कृत् प्रत्यय)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; उपसर्ग: अनु- (having entered into/penetrated)

• kṣobhāya: for agitation; to cause stirring
• kṣobhāya: Sampradāna/Prayojana (सम्प्रदान/प्रयोजन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kṣobha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी-विभक्ति (Dative/4th), एकवचन

• tathā: thus, likewise
• tathā: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; तद्वत्/एवम् (thus, in that manner)

• asau: that one (he)
• asau: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: adas (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; निर्देशवाचक सर्वनाम

• yoga-mūrtimān: having yoga as his form; embodied in yoga
• yoga-mūrtimān: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: yoga (प्रातिपदिक) + mūrti (प्रातिपदिक) + -mat (मतुप् तद्धित)
• Form: मतुप्-प्रत्ययान्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; योगमूर्तिः यस्य (one whose form is yoga)

Speakers

• Mārkaṇḍeya

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "shringara", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Parameśvara (implied as yogamūrtimān)

Key Themes

• Analogy
• Immanence
• Kṣobha
• Cosmic activation

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The similes communicate how subtle forces can transform a stable condition from within. Ethically, it warns that inner influences (desire, mood, environment) can ‘stir’ the mind—hence the need for steadiness and right company.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

It elaborates the causal process leading into Pratisarga (re-manifestation) by explaining ‘how’ agitation is effected, using accessible imagery.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Yoga embodied’ suggests that the same principle that unites and stills in spiritual practice is also the principle that projects multiplicity—two poles of one power.