Shloka 9

Adhyaya 46 — Cosmic Dissolution, the Emergence of Brahma, and the Measures of Time (Yugas, Manvantaras, and Brahma’s Day)

Sanskrit

प्रकृतिं पुरुषञ्चैव प्राविश्याशु जगत्पतिः ।

क्षोभयामास योगेन परेण परमेश्वरः ॥

Transliteration

prakṛtiṃ puruṣañ caiva prāviśyāśu jagatpatiḥ |

kṣobhayāmāsa yogena pareṇa parameśvaraḥ ||

Translation

世间之主——至自在天（Parameśvara）——迅速进入自然（Prakṛti）与灵我（Puruṣa）二者之中，并以其至上瑜伽使之震动（由此开启显现之程）。

Word by Word

• prakṛtim: Prakṛti (primordial nature)
• prakṛtim: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: prakṛti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन

• puruṣam: Puruṣa (spirit/person)
• puruṣam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: puruṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक (conjunction)

• eva: indeed, just
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारणार्थक (emphasis/only)

• prāviśya: having entered
• prāviśya: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/पूर्वक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra√viś (धातु) + ल्यप् (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय)
• Form: ल्यप्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund/absolutive); पूर्वकाले कृत्य (having entered)

• āśu: quickly
• āśu: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: āśu (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; शीघ्रार्थक (adverb)

• jagat-patiḥ: Lord of the world
• jagat-patiḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jagat (प्रातिपदिक) + pati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; जगत्पतिः = जगतः पतिः (lord of the world)

• kṣobhayāmāsa: agitated, set into motion
• kṣobhayāmāsa: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṣubh (धातु) [causative: kṣobhayati]
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; causative sense (प्रेरणार्थ)

• yogena: by yoga; by (his) yogic power
• yogena: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yoga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन

• pareṇa: supreme
• pareṇa: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: para (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; योगेन इति सह विशेषणम्

• parameśvaraḥ: the Supreme Lord
• parameśvaraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: parama (प्रातिपदिक) + īśvara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारय: परमः ईश्वरः

Speakers

• Mārkaṇḍeya

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Parameśvara

Key Themes

• Cosmology
• Yoga as creative power
• Prakṛti-Puruṣa interaction
• Kṣobha (agitation)

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Creation begins with a ‘stirring’ of equilibrium—an important Sāṅkhya idea reframed theistically. It implies that order and transformation can proceed without randomness: there is a directing intelligence/power.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

This is the hinge-point of Pratisarga: the initiation mechanism by which latent principles begin to manifest again.

What is the esoteric significance?

Divine ‘Yoga’ here can be read as the mysterious linkage between transcendence and immanence—how the absolute appears as the dynamic cosmos without losing its supremacy.