Kurma Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 10

Durjaya, Urvaśī, and the Expiation at Vārāṇasī

Genealogy and Sin-Removal through Viśveśvara

Devanagari script

न ह्यनेनोपभोगेन भवता राजसुन्दर / प्रीतिः संजायते मह्यं स्थातव्यं वत्सरं पुनः

Transliteration

na hyanenopabhogena bhavatā rājasundara / prītiḥ saṃjāyate mahyaṃ sthātavyaṃ vatsaraṃ punaḥ

Translation

噢，俊美的国王啊，与你如此享乐，并不能在我心中生起真实的爱恋。因此，你还须再离开一年。

Word by Word

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Negation particle (निषेध-अव्यय)

• hi: indeed/for
• hi: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: Emphatic/causal particle (निपात)

• anena: by this
• anena: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun (सर्वनाम), Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• upabhogena: by enjoyment/pleasure
• upabhogena: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: upabhoga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular

• bhavatā: by you (sir)
• bhavatā: Kartr̥ (कर्ता/Agent)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhavat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun of respect (भवत्), Masculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular

• rāja-sundara: O handsome king
• rāja-sundara: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājan + sundara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular; Tatpuruṣa: 'kingly/royal' + 'handsome' used as address

• prītiḥ: affection/pleasure
• prītiḥ: Kartr̥ (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: prīti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

• saṃjāyate: arises/is produced
• saṃjāyate: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √jan (जन् धातु) with saṃ- (उपसर्ग)
• Form: Present tense (लट्), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

• mahyam: to me
• mahyam: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/Recipient)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun (सर्वनाम), Dative (4th/चतुर्थी), Singular

• sthātavyam: (it) must be stayed/remained
• sthātavyam: Kriya (क्रिया/Obligation)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √sthā (स्था धातु)
• Form: Gerundive/obligative (तव्यत्-प्रत्यय), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative Singular; sense: 'must be stayed'

• vatsaram: a year
• vatsaram: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vatsara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular

• punaḥ: again
• punaḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: punaḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय)

Speaker

A woman addressing the king (dialogue voice within the Purva-bhaga narrative context; exact identification varies by recension)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Characters & Entities

• King (Rājasundara)

More Details (3 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

Indirectly: it distinguishes fleeting sensory pleasure (upabhoga) from deeper, stable inner fulfillment (prīti), aligning with the Purana’s broader teaching that lasting satisfaction is not produced by mere indulgence but by steadiness and dharmic discipline.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

The verse highlights ethical restraint and delayed gratification—foundational yamas for any Yoga path. In Kurma Purana’s wider spiritual frame, mastery over sense-enjoyment supports steadiness of mind needed for mantra, worship, and contemplative practice.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

This specific verse does not explicitly mention Shiva or Vishnu; it contributes to the Kurma Purana’s integrative dharma-ethic tone that undergirds later Shaiva–Vaishnava synthesis by emphasizing self-control as a shared prerequisite for devotion and liberation.