Sutra 43

Devanagari script

न्यायेन च चतुर्थेन चतुरन्तां वा महीं जयेत् ॥ कZ_०३.१.४३च्द् ॥

Transliteration

nyāyena ca caturthena caturantāṃ vā mahīṃ jayet

Translation

并且凭借 nyāya——被视为“第四种”手段——甚至可以赢得四方所界的整个大地。

Word by Word

• न्यायेन: by justice; by lawful/legitimate means
• Type: Noun
• Root: न्याय
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया-एकवचन (करण)

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय

• चतुर्थेन: by the fourth (means/measure)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: चतुर्थ
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया-एकवचन (करण); ‘चतुर्थ’ = चौथा (उपाय/भाग)

• चतुरन्ताम्: the earth extending to the four quarters; the whole realm
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चतुरन्त
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-एकवचन; ‘चतुर्-अन्त’ = चतुर्दिक्-पर्यन्ता

• वा: or
• Type: Particle
• Root: वा
• Form: विकल्पार्थक-अव्यय

• महीम्: the earth; land/territory
• Type: Noun
• Root: मही
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-एकवचन (कर्म)

• जयेत्: should conquer; should win
• Type: Verb
• Root: जि
• Form: लोट्/विधिलिङ् (optative); परस्मैपदम्; प्रथम-पुरुष; एकवचन; धातु: जि (जय)

Entities Mentioned

• nyāya (justice)
• mahī (realm/earth)

More Details

FAQs

What does calling nyāya a ‘fourth’ suggest?

That beyond standard instruments of control (force, wealth, policy), justice itself is a decisive tool for stable rule and expansion.

How can justice ‘conquer’?

By attracting compliance, reducing rebellion costs, and enabling durable incorporation of populations through credible adjudication.