धिग्धिङ्मे जीवितं नष्टं कुतः कार्यरतस्य च । कलत्र संग्रहं नैव मया कृतमबुद्धिना
dhigdhiṅme jīvitaṃ naṣṭaṃ kutaḥ kāryaratasya ca | kalatra saṃgrahaṃ naiva mayā kṛtamabuddhinā
Ôi hổ thẹn, hổ thẹn thay—đời ta đã tiêu tan! Công lao ta còn ích gì? Vì ngu si, ta chưa từng lo liệu việc cưới vợ, lập gia thất.
Uttaṅka (as quoted within Vasiṣṭha’s narration)
Scene: Uttaṅka sits or stands beside the firewood bundle, head bowed, one hand to chest, speaking a lament; the white lock is visible; the hermitage background is still, emphasizing inner turmoil.
Dharma includes timely responsibility; neglecting one’s proper life-stage duties can lead to remorse and imbalance.
None directly; the verse focuses on personal dharma within the narrative.
No explicit ritual; it alludes to gṛhastha obligations (marriage/household order) as a dharmic framework.