Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 2

Devanagari script

माधवे मासि संप्राप्ते अष्टम्यां सूर्यवासरे । सूर्योदये तु संप्राप्ते यावत्स्नात्वाऽर्चयेद्रविम्

Transliteration

mādhave māsi saṃprāpte aṣṭamyāṃ sūryavāsare | sūryodaye tu saṃprāpte yāvatsnātvā'rcayedravim

Translation

Khi tháng Mādhava (Vaiśākha) đến—vào ngày mồng tám (aṣṭamī) nhằm Chủ nhật—lúc mặt trời mọc, người ấy nên tắm gội rồi lễ bái Ravi (Thần Mặt Trời) đúng theo thời lượng đã định.

Word by Word

• mādhave: in Mādhava (month)
• mādhave: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mādhava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन; मास-विशेषे (in the month-name Mādhava)

• māsi: in the month
• māsi: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: māsa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन

• saṃprāpte: when (it) has arrived
• saṃprāpte: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sam + √prāp (धातु) → saṃprāpta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त/PPP), पुंलिङ्गे/नपुंसकलिङ्गे सप्तमी-एकवचन; सति-सप्तमी (locative absolute)

• aṣṭamyām: on the eighth lunar day
• aṣṭamyām: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: aṣṭamī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन; तिथिवाचक

• sūryavāsare: on Sunday (Sun’s day)
• sūryavāsare: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sūrya + vāsara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी/सम्बन्ध: sūryasya vāsaraḥ), पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• sūryodaye: at sunrise
• sūryodaye: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sūrya + udaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी: sūryasya udayaḥ), पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• tu: indeed/and
• tu: Sambandha (Discourse particle/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधान/विरोधार्थक-निपात (particle: but/indeed)

• saṃprāpte: when (it) has arrived
• saṃprāpte: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sam + √prāp (धातु) → saṃprāpta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त/PPP), सप्तमी-एकवचन; सति-सप्तमी (locative absolute)

• yāvat: until/as long as
• yāvat: Sambandha (Adverbial/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yāvat (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; परिमाण/अवधि-वाचक (until/as long as)

• snātvā: having bathed
• snātvā: Kriya (Prior action/पूर्वक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √snā (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund/absolutive), पूर्वक्रिया (having bathed)

• arcayet: should worship
• arcayet: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √arc (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन

• ravim: the Sun
• ravim: Karman (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ravi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन

Speaker

Viśvāmitra (continuing instruction/narration)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Śaṃkhatīrtha

Type: tirtha

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Pārthivaśreṣṭha (best of kings)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: At dawn, a pilgrim-king stands waist-deep in a sacred waterbody at Śaṃkhatīrtha, offering arghya to the rising Sun; attendants hold vessels, flowers, and a small pūjā tray; the horizon glows saffron.

Characters & Entities

• Mādhava (Vaiśākha)
• Aṣṭamī
• Ravi
• Sūrya

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Dharma is strengthened by correct time, place, and method—devotion becomes potent when aligned with sacred calendrical moments.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The instruction belongs to the ongoing Hāṭakeśvara-kṣetra Māhātmya context (Nāgara Khaṇḍa).

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

At sunrise on a Sunday Aṣṭamī in Vaiśākha, perform snāna and worship Ravi (Sūrya).