Shiva Purana — Vayaviya Samhita, Shloka 7

अन्तराय-उपसर्ग-विवेचनम् / Analysis of Yogic Obstacles (Antarāyas) and Upasargas

Devanagari script

आधिभौतिकमंगोत्थं यच्च दुःखं पुरा कृतैः । आधिदैविकमाख्यातमशन्यस्त्रविषादिकम्

Transliteration

ādhibhautikamaṃgotthaṃ yacca duḥkhaṃ purā kṛtaiḥ | ādhidaivikamākhyātamaśanyastraviṣādikam

Translation

Nỗi khổ phát sinh từ thân thể và các điều kiện vật chất—do nghiệp đã tạo trong quá khứ—được gọi là ādhibhautika. Còn điều được gọi là ādhi-daivika là tai ách do các lực thần linh và vũ trụ gây nên, như sét, vũ khí, chất độc và những thứ tương tự.

Word by Word

• ādhibhautikam: physical (pertaining to beings/elements)
• ādhibhautikam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ādhibhautika (प्रातिपदिक; adhi-bhautika)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (neuter, Nom/Acc sg; adjective)

• aṅga-uttham: arising from the body
• aṅga-uttham: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: aṅga + uttha (प्रातिपदिक; aṅga=body, uttha=arisen)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (neuter Nom/Acc sg)

• yat: which
• yat: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध; relative link)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक सर्वनाम (relative pronoun; neuter Nom/Acc sg)

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• duḥkham: sorrow, pain
• duḥkham: Karma (कर्म; object/complement)
• Type: Noun
• Root: duḥkha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (neuter Nom/Acc sg)

• purā: formerly, earlier
• purā: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: purā (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक अव्यय (temporal adverb)

• kṛtaiḥ: by deeds (done)
• kṛtaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण; instrument/means)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kṛta (कृ धातु; क्त-प्रत्यय, कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति, बहुवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (instrumental plural; 'done/made')

• ādhidaivikam: divine/supernatural (pertaining to deities)
• ādhidaivikam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ādhidaivika (प्रातिपदिक; adhi-daivika)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (neuter Nom/Acc sg)

• ākhyātam: is called/declared
• ākhyātam: Kriyā (क्रिया; predicative)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-khyā (आख्या धातु; क्त-प्रत्यय, कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (past passive participle; 'called/declared')

• aśani-astra-viṣa-ādikam: thunderbolt, weapons, poison, etc.
• aśani-astra-viṣa-ādikam: Karma (कर्म; complement/apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: aśani + astra + viṣa + ādika (प्रातिपदिक; ādika='etc.')
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; समाहार-द्वन्द्व (collective dvandva; neuter Nom/Acc sg)

Speaker

Suta Goswami

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Mahādeva

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It classifies worldly pain into bondage-types—suffering from embodied/material conditions and suffering from cosmic/divine forces—pointing the seeker toward Shiva as Pati, the liberator beyond these karmic afflictions.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

By identifying the sources of misery as karma-bound conditions, it frames Linga-worship and devotion to Saguna Shiva as a remedial path: surrender, purification, and grace that loosen pasha (bondage) and steady the mind amid adversity.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

A practical takeaway is to counter suffering with Shaiva sādhanā—regular japa of the Panchakshara (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) and contemplative remembrance of Shiva—cultivating equanimity and seeking Shiva’s grace beyond karmic causes.