Shiva Purana — Vayaviya Samhita, Shloka 12

योगप्रकारनिर्णयः

Classification and Definition of Yoga

Devanagari script

दृष्टे तथानुश्रविके विरक्तं विषये मनः । यस्य तस्याधिकारोस्ति योगे नान्यस्य कस्यचित्

Transliteration

dṛṣṭe tathānuśravike viraktaṃ viṣaye manaḥ | yasya tasyādhikārosti yoge nānyasya kasyacit

Translation

Chỉ người có tâm lìa tham trước các đối tượng giác quan—cả những gì thấy trực tiếp lẫn những gì chỉ nghe nói (như các lạc thú cõi trời được hứa hẹn)—mới thật sự đủ tư cách tu Yoga; ngoài ra không ai có quyền ấy.

Word by Word

• दृष्टे: in the seen (worldly objects)
• दृष्टे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दृष्ट (कृदन्त/क्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन — Locative singular; ‘in the seen (objects)’

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय — अव्यय (adverb; ‘likewise’)

• अनुश्रविके: in the heard-of (otherworldly/scriptural objects)
• अनुश्रविके: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Locative)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनुश्रविक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन — Locative singular; ‘in the heard-of (scriptural/otherworldly)’

• विरक्तम्: detached, dispassionate
• विरक्तम्: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि + √रञ्ज् (धातु) → विरक्त (कृदन्त/क्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन — agrees with मनः; PPP used adjectivally

• विषये: in objects (of sense)
• विषये: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विषय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन — Locative singular

• मनः: mind
• मनः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन — Nominative singular

• यस्य: of whom/whose
• यस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन — Relative pronoun, genitive singular

• तस्य: of that person
• तस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन — Correlative pronoun, genitive singular

• अधिकारः: eligibility, authority
• अधिकारः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अधिकार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन — Nominative singular

• अस्ति: is
• अस्ति: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अस् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present/लट्), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन — is

• योगे: in yoga
• योगे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: योग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन — Locative singular

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय — निषेध (negation particle)

• अन्यस्य: of another
• अन्यस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन — Genitive singular (dependent on अधिकारः)

• कस्यचित्: of anyone (at all)
• कस्यचित्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: किम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + चित् (अव्यय)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन — Indefinite pronoun ‘of anyone’

Speaker

Suta Goswami

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Dakṣiṇāmūrti

Jyotirlinga Context

Significance: Establishes adhikāra (fitness) for Śiva-yoga: only the paśu who has vairāgya toward dṛṣṭa (seen) and anuśravika (scripturally-heard, e.g., svarga-bhoga) can proceed toward liberating discipline.

Characters & Entities

• Shiva

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It defines the core qualification for liberation-oriented Yoga: vairāgya (detachment) from both worldly pleasures and even subtle “scriptural” temptations like heavenly rewards, aligning the seeker toward Pati (Shiva) rather than toward pasha (bondage).

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

Linga-worship and Saguna Shiva upāsanā become truly transformative when done without desire for outcomes; this verse insists that worship and Yoga mature only when the mind is free from craving for seen or promised enjoyments, turning devotion into a means of grace and release.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

Practice desireless japa and dhyāna—especially Panchākṣarī (Om Namaḥ Śivāya)—while cultivating dispassion; support it with Shaiva disciplines like bhasma (tripuṇḍra) and rudrākṣa as reminders to renounce sense-pleasures and focus the mind on Shiva.