Rig Veda 9.91.2: Mandala 9, Sukta 91, Mantra 2

Sukta 9.91

Rishi: Rebha Kāśyapa (traditional; hymn-level)

Devata: Soma Pavamāna

Chandas: Jagatī (probable; confirm metrically)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

वीती जनस्य दिव्यस्य कव्यैरधि सुवानो नहुष्येभिरिन्दुः । प्र यो नृभिरमृतो मर्त्येभिर्मर्मृजानोऽविभिर्गोभिरद्भिः ॥

Transliteration

vītī́ jánasya divyásya kavyáir ádhi suvānó nahuṣyébhir índuḥ | prá yó nṛ́bhir amṛ́to mártyebhir marmṛjānó’vibhír góbhir adbhiḥ ||

Translation

Vì sự hưởng thụ của đoàn dân thần linh, nhờ linh hứng của các thi sĩ, giọt Soma được ép ra cùng những người Nahushya. Ngài tiến bước—bất tử giữa những kẻ hữu tử—được gột rửa và làm trong bởi bầy cừu (lông cừu lọc), bởi những con bò (tia sáng), và bởi các dòng nước (mạch trong sáng).

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Word by Word

• वीती: the (ritual) feast / refreshment / pursuit
• वीती: Kartā (वाक्ये मुख्यविषयः) / Adhikaraṇa (भावार्थे ‘in the feast’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वीति- (प्रातिपदिक; √वे/√वी ‘to go, pursue’ > ‘pursuit/refreshment/feast’)

• जनस्य: of the people
• जनस्य: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जन- (प्रातिपदिक)

• दिव्यस्य: divine, heavenly
• दिव्यस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दिव्य- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘heavenly, divine’)

• कव्यैः: with/through the seers (poets)
• कव्यैः: Karaṇa (instrument/agency: ‘by/with the poets’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कव्य- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘sage/poet, inspired’)

• अधि: upon, over; in/at
• अधि: Adhikaraṇa/Upapada (preverbial/local sense ‘over, upon, in addition’)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अधि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• सुवानः: being pressed, pressing forth (Soma)
• सुवानः: Kartā (इन्दोः विशेषणम्)
• Type: Verb (participle)
• Root: √सु (सुनोति ‘to press/express Soma’) + शानच्

• नहुष्येभिः: with the Nahushyas
• नहुष्येभिः: Karaṇa (with/by the Nahushyas)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नहुष्य- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘Nahushya’, a clan/descendants of Nahusha)

• इन्दुः: the Soma (drop)
• इन्दुः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्दु- (प्रातिपदिक; Soma-drop)

• प्र: forth, forward
• प्र: Upasarga (direction/intensifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• यः: who, which
• यः: Kartā (relative pronoun)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• नृभिः: with men, by heroes
• नृभिः: Karaṇa/सहकारक (with men)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृ- (प्रातिपदिक ‘man, hero’)

• अमृतः: immortal
• अमृतः: Kartā (as predicate adjective)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अमृत- (प्रातिपदिक ‘immortal’)

• मर्त्येभिः: with mortals
• मर्त्येभिः: Karaṇa/सहकारक (among/with mortals)
• Type: Noun/Adjective (substantive)
• Root: मर्त्य- (प्रातिपदिक ‘mortal’)

• मर्मृजानः: cleansing, purifying (himself)
• मर्मृजानः: Kartā (self-descriptive: ‘cleansing himself/being cleansed’)
• Type: Verb (participle)
• Root: √मृज् (मार्जति ‘to wipe/cleanse, purify’) + शानच्; (वेदिक पुनरुक्ति-रूप ‘मर्मृज्’)

• अविभिः: with sheep (i.e., with wool/filters)
• अविभिः: Karaṇa (with sheep’s wool/with sheep)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अवि- (प्रातिपदिक ‘sheep/ewe’)

• गोभिः: with cows
• गोभिः: Karaṇa (with cows / with cow-products, metaphorically with rays)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो- (प्रातिपदिक ‘cow’)

• अद्भिः: with waters
• अद्भिः: Karaṇa (with waters)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप्/अद्- (प्रातिपदिक ‘water’)