Shloka 32

Adhyaya 70 — The King Confronts the Rakshasa and Restores the Brahmin’s Wife

Sanskrit

मार्कण्डेय उवाच ततः स राक्षसस्तस्याः प्रविश्यान्तः स्वमायया ।

भक्षयामास दौःशील्यं निजशक्त्या नृपाज्ञया ॥

Transliteration

mārkaṇḍeya uvāca tataḥ sa rākṣasas tasyāḥ praviśyāntaḥ sva-māyayā |

bhakṣayām āsa dauḥśīlyaṃ nija-śaktyā nṛpājñayā ||

Translation

Mārkaṇḍeya nói: “Bấy giờ, con rākṣasa ấy, nhờ chính māyā của mình, nhập vào trong nàng và, bằng quyền lực của nó, đã nuốt tiêu hạnh xấu của nàng, đúng theo mệnh lệnh của nhà vua.”

Word by Word

• mārkaṇḍeyaḥ: Markandeya (sage)
• mārkaṇḍeyaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mārkaṇḍeya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• uvāca: said
• uvāca: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धातु)
• Form: लकारः—लिट् (Perfect), पुरुषः—प्रथम (3rd), वचनम्—एकवचन, परस्मैपदम्

• tataḥ: then/thereupon
• tataḥ: Kāla/Hetu (काल/क्रम)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययम्—काल/क्रमवाचक (temporal/sequence adverb)

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• rākṣasaḥ: the demon
• rākṣasaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rākṣasa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• tasyāḥ: of her
• tasyāḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• praviśya: having entered
• praviśya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-viś (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त—क्त्वा (Gerund/Absolutive), अव्ययभावः; ‘having entered’

• antaḥ: inside
• antaḥ: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: antar (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययम्—स्थानवाचक (adverb of place)

• sva-māyayā: by his own magic
• sva-māyayā: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sva (प्रातिपदिक) + māyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; समासः—कर्मधारयः (‘own’ + ‘magic/illusion’)

• bhakṣayāmāsa: devoured/consumed
• bhakṣayāmāsa: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhakṣ (धातु)
• Form: लकारः—लिट् (Perfect), पुरुषः—प्रथम (3rd), वचनम्—एकवचन, परस्मैपदम्; causative-stem usage in sense ‘devoured/consumed’

• dauḥśīlyam: wickedness/ill-conduct
• dauḥśīlyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dauḥśīlya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• nija-śaktyā: by (his) own power
• nija-śaktyā: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nija (प्रातिपदिक) + śakti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; समासः—कर्मधारयः (‘own’ + ‘power’)

• nṛpa-ājñayā: by the king’s order
• nṛpa-ājñayā: Hetu/Karaṇa (हेतु/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nṛpa (प्रातिपदिक) + ājñā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; समासः—षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (‘king’s command’)

Speakers

• Mārkaṇḍeya narrating

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "raudra", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Karma and transformation
• Māyā
• Authority and consequence
• Moral purification motif

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The narrative asserts that faults can be ‘removed’ and that authority can catalyze change; it simultaneously cautions that change effected through coercive/occult means (māyā, possession-like entry) is ethically ambiguous.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Upākhyāna (moral tale) rather than cosmology or genealogy.

What is the esoteric significance?

Entry ‘within’ by māyā suggests inner transformation: destructive forces, when subordinated to righteous command (ājñā aligned to dharma), can consume impurities (vāsanās).