Shloka 31

Adhyaya 70 — The King Confronts the Rakshasa and Restores the Brahmin’s Wife

Sanskrit

नीयतां यस्य भार्येयं तस्य वेश्म निशाचर ।

अस्मिन् कृते कृतं सर्वं गृहमभ्यागतस्य मे ॥

Transliteration

nīyatāṃ yasya bhāryeyaṃ tasya veśma niśācara |

asmin kṛte kṛtaṃ sarvaṃ gṛham abhyāgatasya me ||

Translation

“Hỡi kẻ du hành trong đêm, hãy đưa nàng về nhà người đàn ông mà nàng là vợ. Khi việc ấy được làm xong, mọi sự đối với ta—kẻ khách đã đến nhà này—đều được thành tựu.”

Word by Word

• nīyatām: let (her) be led/taken
• nīyatām: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: nī (धातु)
• Form: लकारः—लोट् (Imperative/आज्ञार्थ), पुरुषः—प्रथम (3rd), वचनम्—एकवचन (Singular), पदम्—आत्मनेपदम्; कर्मणि-प्रयोगः (Passive)

• yasya: of whom/whose
• yasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे/नपुंसकलिङ्गे, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• bhāryā: wife
• bhāryā: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhāryā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• iyam: this
• iyam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• tasya: of him/to him
• tasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे/नपुंसकलिङ्गे, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• veśma: to the house
• veśma: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Goal-Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: veśman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (गन्तव्य-स्थानार्थे)

• niśācara: O night-roamer (demon)
• niśācara: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: niśācara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन

• asmin: in this (matter)
• asmin: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे/नपुंसकलिङ्गे, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• kṛte: when (this) is done
• kṛte: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त—क्त (Past Passive Participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; अर्थः—‘when this is done/after this is done’

• kṛtam: (is) done/accomplished
• kṛtam: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त—क्त (Past Passive Participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; भावे प्रयोगः—‘is accomplished’

• sarvam: all/entire
• sarvam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषणम्

• gṛham: the household/home
• gṛham: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gṛha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• abhyāgatasya: of the arrived guest
• abhyāgatasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Verb
• Root: abhi-ā-gam (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त—क्त (Past Active/Passive participial usage), पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; ‘of the one who has come/arrived’

• me: my/of me
• me: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6th/Genitive) एकवचन (enclitic)

Speakers

• king to rākṣasa (as framed by narration)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Atithi-dharma (guest duty)
• Restoration of household order
• Kingship and social harmony

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The king frames the resolution as fulfilling obligations toward an ‘abhyāgata’ (guest), highlighting atithi-dharma and the ruler’s role in restoring social bonds (marriage/household stability).

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Ancillary narrative emphasizing dharma and social order; not a pancalakṣaṇa core unit.

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘guest’ motif can signify the unexpected arrival of karma’s consequence; when properly ‘received’ (addressed), disorder is resolved and the inner household (mind) regains harmony.