Shloka 24

Adhyaya 65 — Svarocis Enjoys on the Mountain; A Debate on Marital Fidelity and Desire

Sanskrit

एका त्वनेकानुगता यथा हासास्पदं जने ।

अनेकाभिस्तथैवैकॊ भोगदृष्ट्या निरीक्षितः ॥

Transliteration

ekā tv anekānugatā yathā hāsāspadaṃ jane |

anekābhis tathaivāiko bhogadṛṣṭyā nirīkṣitaḥ ||

Translation

Cũng như một người nữ theo nhiều người thì trở thành trò cười giữa thế gian, cũng vậy, một người nam (được) nhiều người vây quanh sẽ bị nhìn bằng ánh mắt chỉ để hưởng lạc mà thôi.

Word by Word

• ekā: one (woman/female)
• ekā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: eka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; 'one (female)'

• tu: but
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: विरोध/अन्वय-अव्यय (particle: 'but/however')

• aneka-anugatā: followed by many
• aneka-anugatā: Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृ-समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: aneka (प्रातिपदिक) + anugata (कृदन्त; anu-√gam)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; 'followed by many'

• yathā: just as
• yathā: Upamāna-dyotaka (उपमान-द्योतक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमा/प्रकार-अव्यय (comparative: 'as/just as')

• hāsa-āspadam: a laughingstock
• hāsa-āspadam: Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृ-समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hāsa (प्रातिपदिक) + āspada (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; 'object/place of laughter' (predicate)

• jane: among people
• jane: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; 'among people'

• anekābhiḥ: by many (women)
• anekābhiḥ: Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
• Type: Noun
• Root: aneka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; 'by many (women/females)'

• tathā: so
• tathā: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकार-अव्यय: 'so/in that way'

• eva: indeed
• eva: Avadhāraṇa (अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण-अव्यय (emphasis): 'indeed/just'

• ekaḥ: one (man)
• ekaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: eka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; 'one (man/male)'

• bhoga-dṛṣṭyā: with an enjoyment-seeking view
• bhoga-dṛṣṭyā: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhoga (प्रातिपदिक) + dṛṣṭi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; instrumental: 'with a view of enjoyment/pleasure'

• nirīkṣitaḥ: is looked at/observed
• nirīkṣitaḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: nir-√īkṣ (धातु) → nirīkṣita (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; predicate: 'is looked at/observed'

Speakers

• Narrative voice concluding the moral point (or continuing the deer-episode’s didactic thrust)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bibhatsa", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Social ethics
• Reputation and consequence
• Critique of promiscuity
• Objectification

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The text frames promiscuity as socially and morally corrosive for both genders: it reduces persons to entertainment and invites public contempt or exploitative regard.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Not pañcalakṣaṇa; it is ācāra/nīti teaching embedded in Purāṇic narration.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Bhogadṛṣṭi’ (the gaze of consumption) is a spiritual warning: when the seer becomes a consumer, both self and other are veiled from their deeper nature (ātma-darśana is replaced by bhoga-darśana).