Shloka 25

Adhyaya 65 — Svarocis Enjoys on the Mountain; A Debate on Marital Fidelity and Desire

Sanskrit

तस्य धर्मक्रियाहानिरह्न्यहनि जायते ।

सक्तोऽन्यभार्यया चान्यकामासक्तः सदैव सः ॥

Transliteration

tasya dharmakriyā-hānir ahany ahani jāyate | sakto 'nya-bhāryayā cānya-kāmāsaktaḥ sadaiva saḥ ||

Translation

Đối với kẻ ấy, sự suy mất các pháp hành theo dharma phát sinh từng ngày. Hắn luyến ái vợ người khác và luôn đắm chìm trong những dục vọng khác, bất chính.

Word by Word

• tasya: of him
• tasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)

• dharma-kriyā-hāniḥ: decline of religious duties
• dharma-kriyā-hāniḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dharma (प्रातिपदिक) + kriyā (प्रातिपदिक) + hāni (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: dharmakriyāyāḥ hāniḥ

• ahni: by day
• ahni: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ahan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; adverbial use

• ahani: day after day
• ahani: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ahan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; repetition (युगपद्) = 'day after day'

• jāyate: arises/occurs
• jāyate: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: jan (धातु)
• Form: Present (लट्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular; Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद)

• saktaḥ: attached
• saktaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sakta (क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; √sañj/saṅg 'to attach' धातु)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; past participle used adjectivally

• anya-bhāryayā: with another's wife
• anya-bhāryayā: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: anya (प्रातिपदिक) + bhāryā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular; 'with another's wife'

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• anya-kāma-āsaktaḥ: addicted to other desires
• anya-kāma-āsaktaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: anya (प्रातिपदिक) + kāma (प्रातिपदिक) + āsakta (क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; √sañj/saṅg धातु)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; तत्पुरुषः: anyeṣu kāmeṣu āsaktaḥ

• sadā: always
• sadā: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sadā (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (कालवाचक अव्यय)

• eva: indeed
• eva: Avadharana (अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निश्चय/अवधारणार्थक अव्यय)

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

Speakers

• Narrative voice within the Svārociṣa-manvantara episode (specific speaker not explicit in the provided excerpt)

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Gṛhastha duties
• Sexual ethics
• Karmic decline

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Repeated indulgence in illicit desire is portrayed as cumulative: it steadily erodes both ritual discipline and moral restraint. The verse frames adultery and uncontrolled desire not as isolated lapses but as a pattern that dismantles dharma in daily life.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Primarily Dharma/Ācāra instruction embedded within Manvantara narration (Manvantara). It is not sarga/pratisarga; it functions as ethical teaching within the manvantara frame.

What is the esoteric significance?

“Day by day” signals saṃskāra-accumulation: repeated choices create binding tendencies (vāsanā). Attachment to ‘another’s wife’ symbolizes misdirected grasping—appropriating what is not one’s own—leading to inner impurity and loss of sacred orientation.