Shloka 50

Devanagari script

तत्राद्भुतमपश्याम तव पुत्रस्य पौरुषम्‌ । यदेक: सहितान्‌ सर्वान्‌ रणेड्युध्यत पाण्डवान्‌

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca | tatrādbhutam apaśyāma tava putrasya pauruṣam | yad ekaḥ sahitān sarvān raṇe ’yudhyata pāṇḍavān, rājan |

Translation

Sañjaya thưa: “Tâu Đại vương! Tại đó chúng thần đã chứng kiến khí phách phi thường của vương tử: bởi chỉ một mình chàng vẫn đứng vững trên chiến địa, giao chiến với toàn thể các Pāṇḍava khi họ cùng kéo đến.”

Word by Word

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र

• अद्भुतम्: wonderful, marvelous (thing)
• अद्भुतम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अद्भुत
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अपश्याम: we saw
• अपश्याम: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: Imperfect (Lan), 1st, Plural

• तव: of you, your
• तव: Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: —, Genitive, Singular

• पुत्रस्य: of (your) son
• पुत्रस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• पौरुषम्: valor, manly prowess
• पौरुषम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पौरुष
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• यत्: that which
• यत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• एकः: alone, single
• एकः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एक
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सहितान्: assembled, together
• सहितान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सहित
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• सर्वान्: all
• सर्वान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• रणे: in battle
• रणे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रण
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• अयुध्यत: fought
• अयुध्यत: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: युध्
• Form: Imperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular

• पाण्डवान्: the Pandavas
• पाण्डवान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डव
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• राजन्: O king
• राजन्: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• tava putra (Duryodhana)
• Pāṇḍavas
• raṇa (battlefield)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights kṣatriya ideals of steadfastness and courage in battle—single-minded resolve and willingness to face overwhelming odds—while also reminding the listener that martial prowess is being praised within a tragic, ethically fraught war.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s son (Duryodhana) displayed remarkable bravery by confronting and fighting the assembled Pāṇḍavas on the battlefield by himself.