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Shloka 47

युद्धाय भरतश्रेष्ठ देवानिव पुरा बलि: । प्रजानाथ! आपकी सेनामें भगदड़ मच जानेपर आपके पुत्र कुरुराज दुर्योधनने अपने सामने खड़े हुए शत्रुओंपर धावा किया। भरतश्रेष्ठ! जैसे पूर्वकालमें राजा बलिने देवताओंको युद्धके लिये ललकारा था, उसी प्रकार दुर्योधनने भी समस्त पाण्डवोंका युद्धके लिये आह्वान किया ।।

sañjaya uvāca | yuddhāya bharataśreṣṭha devān iva purā baliḥ | prajānātha tava senāyāṃ bhagadaḍīṃ macchane sati tava putraḥ kururājo duryodhanaḥ svābhimukhe sthitān śatrūn abhyadhāvat | bharataśreṣṭha yathā pūrvakāle rājā balir devān yuddhāya samāhvayat tathā duryodhano 'pi samastān pāṇḍavān yuddhāya āhvayat || te enam abhigarjantaḥ sahitāḥ samupādravan ||

Sañjaya thưa: Hỡi bậc ưu tú trong dòng Bharata! Khi trong quân đội của bệ hạ bỗng nổi lên cơn hoảng loạn và tan vỡ đội ngũ, thì vương tử của bệ hạ—Duryodhana, vua của nhà Kuru—đã xông thẳng vào những kẻ thù đang đứng trước mặt. Như thuở xưa vua Bali từng thách thức chư thiên ra trận, Duryodhana cũng vậy, đã kêu gọi toàn thể các Pāṇḍava bước vào cuộc chiến. Rồi họ cùng gầm vang, kết thành một khối, tiến ập đến phía chàng.

युद्धायfor battle
युद्धाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Dative, Singular
भरतश्रेष्ठO best of the Bharatas
भरतश्रेष्ठ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभरत-श्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
देवान्the gods
देवान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
इवlike/as
इव:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
पुराformerly/once
पुरा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा
बलिःBali (the king)
बलिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबलि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
एनम्him/this one
एनम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अभिगर्जन्तःroaring at (him), shouting
अभिगर्जन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-गर्ज्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
सहिताःtogether, united
सहिताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसहित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
समुपाद्रवन्they rushed/charged together
समुपाद्रवन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-उप-आ-√द्रु (द्रव्/द्रु)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
D
Duryodhana
P
Pandavas
K
Kuru army
K
King Bali
D
Devas (gods)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights crisis-leadership and the moral ambiguity of valor: courage can steady a collapsing force, yet when driven by pride and hostility it also intensifies violence. The comparison to Bali frames Duryodhana’s challenge as audacious and defiant, not necessarily righteous.

As the Kaurava army begins to break in panic, Duryodhana personally rushes at the enemies before him and issues a broad challenge to the Pandavas. In response, the opposing warriors, shouting together, surge forward to engage him.