Shloka 44

दानफलप्रकरणम् — उपानहदानं, तिलदानं, भूमिदानं, गोदानं, अन्नदानं च

Gifts and Their Stated Results: Footwear, Sesame, Land, Cows, and Food

Devanagari script

तस्य राज्ञ: शुभै राज्यै: कर्मभिननिर्वृता नरा: । योगक्षेमेण वृष्टया च विवर्धन्ते स्वकर्मभि:

Transliteration

tasya rājñaḥ śubhaiḥ rājyaiḥ karmabhiś ca nirvṛtā narāḥ | yogakṣemeṇa vṛṣṭyā ca vivardhante svakarmabhiḥ ||

Translation

Bhīṣma nói: “Dưới vị vua ấy—nhờ trật tự cát tường của phép trị nước và nhờ những việc làm chính nghĩa của người—dân chúng được mãn nguyện. Trong cõi ấy, an ninh và phúc lợi (yogakṣema) được gìn giữ, mưa thuận gió hòa đúng mùa, và thần dân thịnh vượng nhờ chính công việc thiện lành của mình.”

Word by Word

• तस्य: of him/that
• तस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• राज्ञः: of the king
• राज्ञः: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• शुभैः: by/with auspicious (things)
• शुभैः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुभ
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• राज्यैः: by/with kingdoms/realms (good governance)
• राज्यैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: राज्य
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• कर्मभिः: by/with deeds
• कर्मभिः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन्
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• निर्वृताः: content/satisfied
• निर्वृताः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निर्वृत
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• नराः: people/men
• नराः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• योगक्षेमेण: by welfare and security
• योगक्षेमेण: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: योगक्षेम
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• वृष्ट्या: by rainfall
• वृष्ट्या: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृष्टि
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• विवर्धन्ते: they prosper/increase
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृध्
• Form: Present, Third, Plural, Atmanepada

• स्वकर्मभिः: by their own deeds
• स्वकर्मभिः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वकर्मन्
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma
• the king (rājā)
• subjects/people (narāḥ)
• rain (vṛṣṭi)
• welfare and security (yogakṣema)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

A king’s righteous governance and personal virtue create public contentment and stability; when welfare (yoga) and security (kṣema) are ensured, nature and society align—timely rains occur and people prosper through their own dutiful work.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhishma, instructing on kingship and dharma, describes the marks of a well-ruled kingdom: satisfied subjects, assured maintenance of their needs and safety, seasonal rains, and growth in prosperity rooted in the people’s own proper conduct.