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Shloka 4

च्यवन-कुशिक-संवादः

Cyavana–Kuśika Dialogue on Hospitality, Service, and Lineage Questions

पतितस्य तु भार्याया भर्त्रा सुसमवेतया । तथा दत्तकृतौ पुत्रावध्यूदक्ष तथापर:

patitasya tu bhāryāyā bhartṛā susamavetayā | tathā dattakṛtau putrāv adhyūdakṣa tathāparaḥ ||

Bhishma nói: “Dẫu một người đàn ông đã sa ngã khỏi chính hạnh, nhưng nếu người vợ vẫn kết hợp với chồng một cách đúng mực, thì các con—dù sinh theo phép nhận con/đặt con theo nghi thức (dattakṛta) hay theo cách khác—đều phải được xem là có quyền hưởng các nghi lễ và phẩm vật cúng tế (như lễ dâng nước), như trong những trường hợp được thừa nhận khác.”

पतितस्यof the fallen (man)
पतितस्य:
Sambandha
TypeAdjective
Rootपतित
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
भार्यायाःof the wife
भार्यायाः:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootभार्या
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
भर्त्राby the husband
भर्त्रा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभर्तृ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
सुसमवेतयाbeing properly united/associated (with him)
सुसमवेतया:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootसुसमवेत
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
तथाthus/so
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
दत्तकृतौmade over/given (as) adopted
दत्तकृतौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदत्तकृत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
पुत्रौtwo sons
पुत्रौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
अध्यूदक्षone who is especially competent/superiorly capable
अध्यूदक्ष:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअधि-उद्-दक्ष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तथाand likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
अपरःthe other (one)
अपरः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअपर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
W
wife (bhāryā)
H
husband (bhartṛ)
S
sons (putra)
U
udaka (water-offering in śrāddha/ancestral rites)

Educational Q&A

The verse addresses dharma concerning family and ritual continuity: even when the husband is ‘patita’ (fallen), if the marital union is duly maintained, sons recognized through accepted means (including adoption/authorized arrangements) remain qualified for essential ancestral rites such as the udaka-offering.

In Anuśāsana Parva, Bhīṣma is instructing Yudhiṣṭhira on dharmaśāstric norms. Here he clarifies the status of sons and their ritual eligibility in a household where the husband is considered fallen, emphasizing lawful marital association and recognized forms of sonship.