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Shloka 3

च्यवन-कुशिक-संवादः

Cyavana–Kuśika Dialogue on Hospitality, Service, and Lineage Questions

भीष्म उवाच आत्मा पुत्रश्न विज्ञेयस्तस्यानन्तरजश्न यः । निरुक्तजश्न विज्ञेय: सुत: प्रसृतजस्तथा

bhīṣma uvāca ātmā putraḥ vijñeyaḥ tasyānantara-jaḥ yaḥ | nirukta-jaḥ vijñeyaḥ sutaḥ prasṛta-jaḥ tathā ||

Bhishma nói: “Người ta nên xem như chính bản thân mình đứa con gọi là ‘anantaraja’—đứa con sinh ra không có sự can dự của người thứ ba, tức chỉ do hạt giống của người chồng mà thành. Lại có một loại con gọi là ‘niruktaja’; và cũng có loại gọi là ‘prasṛtaja’. (Hai loại sau được nêu như những phân loại phụ trong nhóm con kṣetrajā.)”

भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular
आत्माthe self
आत्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पुत्रःson
पुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अनन्तरजःborn without an intervening (man); legitimate (aurasa)
अनन्तरजः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअनन्तरज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विज्ञेयःto be known/considered
विज्ञेयः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-ज्ञा
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तस्यof him/its
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
अनन्तरजःthe anantaraja son
अनन्तरजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअनन्तरज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
निरुक्तजःthe niruktaja (a type of kshetraja son)
निरुक्तजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिरुक्तज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विज्ञेयःto be known/considered
विज्ञेयः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-ज्ञा
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सुतःson
सुतः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसुत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रसृतजःthe prasritaja (a type of kshetraja son)
प्रसृतजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रसृतज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तथाthus/also
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

Bhishma outlines a dharma-based taxonomy of sons, emphasizing that the ‘anantaraja’ (aurasa) son—born solely from the husband’s seed without third-party involvement—should be regarded as one’s own self, while also acknowledging other recognized categories (niruktaja, prasritaja) within discussions of lineage and legal-ethical status.

In Anushasana Parva’s instructional setting, Bhishma is teaching norms of dharma concerning family and progeny, defining and ranking types of sons used in traditional legal-ethical discourse about lineage, rights, and social recognition.