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Shloka 35

Dāyavibhāga (Inheritance Apportionment) and Household Precedence — Dialogue of Yudhiṣṭhira and Bhīṣma

तस्मादा ग्रहणात्‌ पाणेर्याचयन्ति परस्परम्‌ । कन्यावर: पुरा दत्तो मरुद्धिरिति न: श्रुतम्‌

tasmād āgrahaṇāt pāṇer yācayanti parasparam | kanyāvaraḥ purā datto marudbhir iti naḥ śrutam ||

Bhīṣma nói: Vì thế, trước khi hoàn tất nghi lễ nắm tay cô dâu (pāṇigrahaṇa), người nam và thiếu nữ có thể tìm đến nhau—mỗi bên đều có thể ngỏ lời với bên kia. Chúng ta từng nghe rằng thuở xưa các Marut đã ban cho quyền “tự chọn đôi lứa” này như một quyền được chuẩn nhận. Do đó, cho đến khi nghi thức nắm tay được cử hành, sự ngỏ lời qua lại giữa đôi bên là điều được phép.

तस्मात्therefore/from that
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
आग्रहणात्before the taking (i.e., prior to the act of taking)
आग्रहणात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootआग्रहण
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
पाणेःof the hand (pāṇi; in context: of the hand-taking rite)
पाणेः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपाणि
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
याचयन्तिthey ask/request
याचयन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootयाच्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
परस्परम्mutually/each other
परस्परम्:
Karma
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरस्पर
कन्यावराḥsuitors of maidens (lit. maiden-suitors)
कन्यावराḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकन्यावरा
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पुराformerly/earlier
पुरा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा
दत्तःgiven/granted
दत्तः:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootदा (ददाति)
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
मरुद्भिःby the Maruts
मरुद्भिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमरुत्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
इतिthus/so (quotative)
इति:
Karma
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
नःof us/to us (our)
नः:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Plural
श्रुतम्heard/it is heard
श्रुतम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Nominative, Singular

भीष्य उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
M
Maruts

Educational Q&A

Until the pāṇigrahaṇa rite is performed, the prospective bride and groom are not yet ritually bound; therefore, mutual seeking/asking is allowed. The passage grounds this permissibility in traditional authority attributed to the Maruts.

Bhīṣma is explaining norms of marriage-dharma: he clarifies when a match becomes binding and cites an old tradition—said to be granted by the Maruts—to justify that prior to the hand-taking ceremony, the parties may still request or choose one another.