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Shloka 21

Dāyavibhāga (Inheritance Apportionment) and Household Precedence — Dialogue of Yudhiṣṭhira and Bhīṣma

भीष्म उवाच यत्‌ किंचित्‌ कर्म मानुष्यं संस्थानाय प्रदृश्यते । मन्त्रवन्मन्त्रितं तस्थ मृषावादस्तु पातक:

bhīṣma uvāca yat kiñcit karma mānuṣyaṃ saṃsthānāya pradṛśyate | mantravanmantritaṃ tastha mṛṣāvādastu pātakaḥ ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Bất cứ hành vi nào của con người được thấy là nhằm thiết lập trật tự và ổn định, dẫu được tiến hành với sự kín đáo và cân nhắc như một cuộc nghị bàn có thần chú—thì dẫu vậy, lời nói dối vẫn là tội.”

भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular
यत्whatever/that which
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
किञ्चित्any (at all), something
किञ्चित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकिञ्चित्
कर्मact, deed
कर्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
मानुष्यम्human
मानुष्यम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमानुष्य
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
संस्थानायfor establishment/maintenance (of order)
संस्थानाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootसंस्थान
FormNeuter, Dative, Singular
प्रदृश्यतेis seen/appears
प्रदृश्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Passive
मन्त्रवत्as if (it were) a mantra; with mantra-like force
मन्त्रवत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमन्त्रवत्
मन्त्रितम्counselled/consulted; deliberated
मन्त्रितम्:
TypeParticiple
Rootमन्त्रित
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular, PPP, मन्त्र्
तस्थेstood/was established
तस्थे:
TypeVerb
Rootस्था
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular
मृषावादःfalse speech, lying
मृषावादः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमृषावाद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
पातकःa sin, sinful (act)
पातकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपातक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

Even when an action is aimed at establishing social order and is carefully planned in counsel, speaking falsehood remains morally blameworthy; the end does not automatically sanctify the means of lying.

Bhishma is instructing on dharma, emphasizing ethical limits within statecraft and deliberation: policy may be planned in secret counsel, but deliberate falsehood is still counted as a pātaka (sin).