Anushasana Parva Adhyaya 18 Shloka 139 - Mahabharata | Vietnamese | Vedapath

Vyasa

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Shloka 139

रुद्र-स्तवराजः (Rudra-Stavarāja) — Exempla of Śiva’s Boons and the Hymn’s Phalaśruti

Devanagari script

पीतात्मा परमात्मा च प्रयतात्मा प्रधानधृत्‌ । सर्वपारश्वमुखस्त्रयक्षो धर्मसाधारणो वर:

Transliteration

pītātmā paramātmā ca prayatātmā pradhānadhṛt | sarvapārśvamukhas tryakṣo dharmasādhāraṇo varaḥ ||

Translation

Vāyu nói: “Ngài là bậc có linh hồn vàng ròng và là Tối Thượng Ngã; nội tâm được chế ngự và thanh tịnh; Ngài nâng giữ Pradhāna, nền tảng nguyên sơ của thế gian. Quay mặt về mọi phương, ba mắt, Ngài ban ân phúc đúng theo dharma—một bậc Chúa tể ưu việt, lấy chính đạo làm thước đo chung cho muôn loài.”

Word by Word

पीतात्माhaving a golden/yellow form (golden-souled)

परमात्माthe Supreme Self

चand

प्रयतात्माself-controlled; disciplined-minded

प्रधानधृत्supporter/bearer of Pradhāna (primordial matter)

सर्वपार्श्वमुखःwhose faces are on all sides; facing every direction

त्र्यक्षःthree-eyed

धर्मसाधारणःdispensing (boons) in accordance with dharma; impartial by dharma

वरःthe excellent one; the best

Speaker

वायुदेव उवाच

Characters & Entities

Vāyu (Vāyudeva)

Paramātmā (the Supreme Lord)

Śiva (implied by the epithet tryakṣa)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse presents the Lord as impartial and dharma-governed: even divine grace (boons) is portrayed as aligned with righteousness, not arbitrary. It also frames the deity as both transcendent (Paramātmā) and cosmic (supporting Pradhāna), uniting ethics with metaphysics.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vāyu is describing the deity’s defining marks—radiance, supremacy, disciplined purity, cosmic support, omnidirectional presence, and the three-eyed form—culminating in the ethical point that he grants rewards according to dharma.