Shloka 21

Devanagari script

पुत्रश्न ते महातेजा धृतराष्ट्रो जनेश्वर: । उपस्थित: सहामात्यो वासुदेवश्च वीर्यवान्‌

Transliteration

putraśna te mahātejā dhṛtarāṣṭro janeśvaraḥ | upasthitaḥ sahāmātyo vāsudevaś ca vīryavān ||

Translation

Vaiśampāyana nói: “Vị hoàng tử của bệ hạ—Đức vua Dhṛtarāṣṭra, chúa tể của muôn dân, uy lực rực rỡ—đang hiện diện nơi đây cùng các đại thần; và Vāsudeva, Kṛṣṇa dũng mãnh, cũng đã đến.”

Word by Word

• पुत्राः: sons
• पुत्राः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• ते: of you / your
• ते: Sampradana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद्
• Form: Genitive, Singular

• महातेजाः: of great splendor
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महातेजस्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• धृतराष्ट्रः: Dhritarashtra
• धृतराष्ट्रः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धृतराष्ट्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• जन-ईश्वरः: lord of people (king)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जनेश्वर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उपस्थितः: present / arrived
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उपस्थित
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सह: together with
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह

• अमात्यैः: with ministers
• अमात्यैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अमात्य
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• वासुदेवः: Vasudeva (Krishna)
• वासुदेवः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वासुदेव
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• वीर्यवान्: mighty / valorous
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वीर्यवत्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa)
• ministers (amātyas)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

That major decisions should be approached with proper counsel (ministers) and under the guidance of dharma; the presence of Kṛṣṇa signifies an ethical compass alongside political authority.

What is happening in the narrative?

The narrator announces that Dhṛtarāṣṭra has arrived with his ministers and that Kṛṣṇa (Vāsudeva) is also present, setting the stage for a serious exchange involving royal responsibility and dharmic guidance.