Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 66

एतान्‌ दैवे च पित्रये च पठत: पुरुषस्य हि । भुज्जते पितर: कव्यं हव्यं च त्रेदिवौकस:

etān daive ca pitrye ca paṭhataḥ puruṣasya hi | bhuñjate pitaraḥ kavyaṃ havyaṃ ca tredivaukasaḥ ||

Bhīṣma nói: Với người tụng đọc những danh hiệu này vào lúc tế lễ dâng chư thiên và trong nghi lễ tổ tiên (śrāddha), các Pitṛs hoan hỷ thọ hưởng kavya (lễ vật dành cho tổ tiên), còn chư thiên—những bậc cư ngụ nơi ba cõi trời—tiếp nhận havya (lễ vật dâng thần).

एतान्these (names/things)
एतान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
दैवेin the rite for the gods (devayajña)
दैवे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदैव
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पित्र्येin the rite for the ancestors (śrāddha/pitṛyajña)
पित्र्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपित्र्य
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पठतःof/for (him) who recites; (he) reciting
पठतः:
TypeVerb
Rootपठ्
FormPresent, Parasmaipada, Third, Singular
पुरुषस्यof the man
पुरुषस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
भुञ्जतेeat/partake/accept (as food-offering)
भुञ्जते:
TypeVerb
Rootभुज्
FormPresent, Atmanepada, Third, Plural
पितरःthe ancestors (pitṛs)
पितरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कव्यंthe ancestral offering (kavya)
कव्यं:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकव्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
हव्यंthe offering to the gods (havya)
हव्यं:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहव्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
त्रिदिवौकसःthe dwellers of heaven; the gods
त्रिदिवौकसः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootत्रिदिव-ओकस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
P
Pitrs (ancestors)
D
Devas (gods)
H
havya
K
kavya

Educational Q&A

Correct recitation during deva-yajña and śrāddha sanctifies the offering: gods accept havya and ancestors accept kavya, showing that ritual speech and intention support dharmic reciprocity between humans, devas, and pitṛs.

In Bhīṣma’s instruction on dharma (Anuśāsana Parva), he explains the fruit of reciting the previously listed sacred names/formulas at the proper times: it ensures the respective recipients—devas and pitṛs—gladly receive their offerings.