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Shloka 34

Adhyāya 152 — Bhīṣma’s Authorization for Yudhiṣṭhira’s Return to the Capital (नगरप्रवेशानुज्ञा)

स्त्रीधर्म: पूर्व एवायं विवाहे बन्धुभि: कृत: । सहधर्मचरी भर्तुर्भवत्यग्निसमीपत:

strī-dharmaḥ pūrva evāyaṃ vivāhe bandhubhiḥ kṛtaḥ | saha-dharma-carī bhartur bhavaty agni-samīpataḥ ||

Maheshvara nói: “Bổn phận của người vợ vốn đã được thân tộc của nàng xác lập từ trước ngay trong lễ thành hôn. Bởi chính bên ngọn lửa tế tự thiêng liêng, nàng trở thành bạn đồng hành trong dharma của chồng—gắn bó để cùng chia sẻ con đường sống chính trực của chàng.”

स्त्रीधर्मःwomanly duty / duties of a wife
स्त्रीधर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्त्रीधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पूर्वःprior / earlier
पूर्वः:
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed / just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अयम्this
अयम्:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विवाहेin marriage / at the wedding
विवाहे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootविवाह
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
बन्धुभिःby (her) kinsmen/relatives
बन्धुभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबन्धु
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
कृतःdone / performed / made
कृतः:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
सहधर्मचरीco-practitioner of dharma (wife)
सहधर्मचरी:
TypeNoun
Rootसहधर्मचरिन्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
भर्तुःof (her) husband
भर्तुः:
TypeNoun
Rootभर्तृ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
भवतिbecomes
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular
अग्निसमीपतःnear the fire
अग्निसमीपतः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअग्निसमीपतः

श्रीमहेश्वर उवाच

Ś
Śrī-Maheśvara (speaker)
B
bandhu (kinsmen/relatives)
B
bhartṛ (husband)
A
agni (sacred fire)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that a wife’s dharma is formally affirmed at marriage by her family, and that the marital bond is a dharmic partnership: she becomes the husband’s saha-dharma-carī in the presence of Agni, the ritual witness.

Śrī Maheśvara explains the social-ritual foundation of marriage: during the wedding, the bride’s relatives instruct her in strī-dharma, and by the rite performed near the sacred fire she is established as her husband’s companion in religious and ethical duties.