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Shloka 61

Rudra-Śiva: Names, Two Natures, and the Logic of Epithets (रुद्रनाम-बहुरूपत्व-प्रकरणम्)

उमोवाच (भगवन्‌ देवदेवेश नमस्ते वृषभध्वज । श्रोतुमिच्छाम्यहं देव धर्ममाश्रमिणां विभो ।।

tathāśramagataṃ dharmaṃ śṛṇu devi samāhitā | āśramāṇāṃ tu yo dharmaḥ kriyate brahmavādibhiḥ ||

Śrī Maheśvara nói: “Hỡi Devī, hãy lắng nghe với tâm trí thu nhiếp và vững chãi về dharma thuộc các āśrama. Điều ta sắp nói chính là kỷ luật của các āśrama như đã được thiết lập và thực hành bởi các brahma-vādin—những bậc hiền triết tận hiến cho việc giảng dạy và chứng ngộ Brahman.”

उमाUmā
उमा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउमा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid/spoke
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
भगवन्O Lord
भगवन्:
TypeNoun
Rootभगवत्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
देवदेवेशO Lord of the gods of gods
देवदेवेश:
TypeNoun
Rootदेव-देव-ईश
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
नमःsalutation
नमः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनमस्
तेto you
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Dative, Singular
वृषभध्वजO bull-bannered one (Śiva)
वृषभध्वज:
TypeNoun
Rootवृषभ-ध्वज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
श्रोतुम्to hear
श्रोतुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormTumun (infinitive)
इच्छामिI wish/desire
इच्छामि:
TypeVerb
Rootइष्
FormPresent, First, Singular, Parasmaipada
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
देवO god
देव:
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
धर्मम्duty/law
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आश्रमिणाम्of the āśrama-dwellers (those in the stages of life)
आश्रमिणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootआश्रमिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
विभोO all-pervading one, O mighty one
विभो:
TypeNoun
Rootविभु
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

श्रीमहेश्वर उवाच

Ś
Śrī Maheśvara (Śiva)
D
Devī (Umā/Parvatī)
B
Brahmavādins (sages/teachers of Brahman)
Ā
Āśramas (stages of life)

Educational Q&A

Śiva frames āśrama-dharma as an authoritative, time-tested discipline: one should learn it with mental composure, and it is to be understood as the established practice of brahma-vādins (Vedic sages devoted to Brahman).

After Umā expresses the wish to hear the duties of those in the āśramas, Śrī Maheśvara begins his instruction, asking her to listen attentively as he presents the dharma defined by the sages.