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Shloka 50

Rudra-Śiva: Names, Two Natures, and the Logic of Epithets (रुद्रनाम-बहुरूपत्व-प्रकरणम्)

यज्ञोपवीतधरणं यज्ञो धर्मक्रियास्तथा | भृत्यानां भरणं धर्म: कृते कर्मण्यमोघता

yajñopavītadharaṇaṃ yajño dharmakriyās tathā | bhṛtyānāṃ bharaṇaṃ dharmaḥ kṛte karmaṇy amoghatā

Śrī Maheśvara phán: “Mang dây thánh (yajñopavīta), cử hành tế lễ, và thực hiện các hành vi của dharma—đều là bổn phận. Cũng vậy, nuôi dưỡng và chu cấp cho những người nương tựa mình là dharma. Và khi đã làm một việc, sự hoàn thành đúng đắn, không sai lệch của việc ấy cũng là dharma.”

यज्ञोपवीतधरणम्wearing of the sacred thread
यज्ञोपवीतधरणम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञोपवीत-धरण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
यज्ञःsacrifice
यज्ञः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मक्रियाःacts of dharma (religious duties)
धर्मक्रियाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म-क्रिया
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
तथाand likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
भृत्यानाम्of dependents/servants
भृत्यानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootभृत्य
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
भरणम्supporting/maintaining
भरणम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभरण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
धर्मःdharma (righteous duty)
धर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कृतेwhen done / in the done (act)
कृते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
कर्मणिin action / in the deed
कर्मणि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
अमोघताunfailingness / effectiveness
अमोघता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअमोघता
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular

श्रीमहेश्वर उवाच

Ś
Śrī Maheśvara (Śiva)
Y
yajñopavīta (sacred thread)
Y
yajña (sacrifice)

Educational Q&A

Dharma is not limited to ritual markers like the sacred thread or sacrificial rites; it also includes social and moral obligations—especially sustaining those under one’s care—and the integrity to complete undertaken duties effectively and without failure.

In Anuśāsana Parva’s instruction-focused setting, Śrī Maheśvara articulates a broad definition of dharma, placing ritual observance alongside practical responsibility and emphasizing that righteous action includes dependable follow-through in one’s deeds.